{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,17]],"date-time":"2026-04-17T08:47:23Z","timestamp":1776415643572,"version":"3.51.2"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]],"date-time":"2023-01-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1674777600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Dysphonia and malnutrition are major problems in patients who have suffered an ischemic stroke. Tools to assess dysphonia severity include the dysphonia severity index (DSI) and maximum phonation time (MPT). This study aimed to investigate whether the nutritional biomarkers transferrin, albumin, and prealbumin could be predictors of dysphonia severity. A retrospective analysis was conducted between January 2018 and October 2022. A total of 180 patients who had suffered an ischemic stroke were included. Serum transferrin, albumin, and prealbumin levels were significantly correlated with DSI and MPT levels. In a multiple regression analysis, prealbumin and transferrin were significant predictors of DSI, whereas only prealbumin was a significant predictor of MPT. Serum transferrin, albumin, and prealbumin levels in patients who have suffered an ischemic stroke may correlate with dysphonia severity as assessed using DSI and MPT. These results may provide objective evidence that nutritional biomarkers affect dysphonia severity.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15030652","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,30]],"date-time":"2023-01-30T09:18:21Z","timestamp":1675070301000},"page":"652","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Nutritional Biomarkers as Predictors of Dysphonia Severity in Patients with Ischemic Stroke"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ji Min","family":"Kim","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4513-2560","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Seung Don","family":"Yoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, AgeTech-Service Convergence Major, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9364-2947","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eo Jin","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Kyung Hee University College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul 05278, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"18","DOI":"10.1177\/17474930211065917","article-title":"World stroke organization (wso): Global stroke fact sheet 2022","volume":"17","author":"Feigin","year":"2022","journal-title":"Int. J. Stroke"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"341","DOI":"10.1007\/s10772-019-09592-y","article-title":"The automatic assessment of the severity of dysphonia","volume":"22","author":"Tulics","year":"2019","journal-title":"Int. J. Speech Technol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"157","DOI":"10.1159\/000015947","article-title":"Vocal cord paresis in acute ischemic stroke","volume":"9","author":"Venketasubramanian","year":"1999","journal-title":"Cerebrovasc. Dis."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E177","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.28148","article-title":"Measuring the impact of dysphonia on quality of life using health state preferences","volume":"130","author":"Naunheim","year":"2020","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"561","DOI":"10.1044\/2016_AJSLP-14-0183","article-title":"The impact of dysphonic voices on healthy listeners: Listener reaction times, speech intelligibility, and listener comprehension","volume":"25","author":"Evitts","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Speech Lang. Pathol."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e22236","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000022236","article-title":"Association between phonation and the vowel quadrilateral in patients with stroke: A retrospective observational study","volume":"99","author":"Park","year":"2020","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1007\/s00455-021-10319-y","article-title":"Using voice change as an indicator of dysphagia: A systematic review","volume":"37","author":"Rech","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dysphagia"},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102747","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjoto.2020.102747","article-title":"Dysphonia and dysphagia as early manifestations of autoimmune inflammatory myopathy","volume":"42","author":"Weinreb","year":"2021","journal-title":"Am. J. Otolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1381","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2019.02.011","article-title":"The mortality and the risk of aspiration pneumonia related with dysphagia in stroke patients","volume":"28","author":"Feng","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Stroke Cerebrovasc. Dis."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Banda, K.J., Chu, H., Kang, X.L., Liu, D., Pien, L.C., Jen, H.J., Hsiao, S.S., and Chou, K.R. (2022). Prevalence of dysphagia and risk of pneumonia and mortality in acute stroke patients: A meta-analysis. BMC Geriatr., 22.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-022-02960-5"},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"457","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2020.07.015","article-title":"Maximum phonation time normative values among malaysians and its relation to body mass index","volume":"36","author":"Mustafa","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Voice"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"35","DOI":"10.1298\/ptr.E10152","article-title":"Maximum phonation time is a useful assessment for older adults requiring long-term care\/support","volume":"25","author":"Sawaya","year":"2022","journal-title":"Phys. Ther. Res."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"796","DOI":"10.1044\/jslhr.4303.796","article-title":"The dysphonia severity index: An objective measure of vocal quality based on a multiparameter approach","volume":"43","author":"Wuyts","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Speech Lang. Hear Res."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"659","DOI":"10.1016\/S1808-8694(15)31023-5","article-title":"Standardization of acoustic measures for normal voice patterns","volume":"72","author":"Grillo","year":"2006","journal-title":"Braz. J. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1112","DOI":"10.1016\/j.protcy.2013.12.124","article-title":"Vocal acoustic analysis\u2014Jitter, shimmer and hnr parameters","volume":"9","author":"Teixeira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Procedia Technol."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"582","DOI":"10.1016\/S1808-8694(15)31261-1","article-title":"Analysis of fundamental frequency, jitter, shimmer and vocal intensity in children with phonological disorders","volume":"71","author":"Wertzner","year":"2005","journal-title":"Braz. J. Otorhinolaryngol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2614","DOI":"10.1121\/1.4964509","article-title":"Mechanics of human voice production and control","volume":"140","author":"Zhang","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4106","DOI":"10.1121\/10.0005124","article-title":"Regulation of laryngeal resistance and maximum power transfer with semi-occluded airway vocalization","volume":"149","author":"Titze","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Acoust. Soc. Am."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e66","DOI":"10.1161\/STROKEAHA.108.518910","article-title":"Which reported estimate of the prevalence of malnutrition after stroke is valid?","volume":"40","author":"Foley","year":"2009","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"799","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jstrokecerebrovasdis.2015.12.017","article-title":"Risk of malnutrition is an independent predictor of mortality, length of hospital stay, and hospitalization costs in stroke patients","volume":"25","author":"Gomes","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Stroke Cerebrovasc. Dis."},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"780080","DOI":"10.3389\/fneur.2021.780080","article-title":"Impaired nutritional condition after stroke from the hyperacute to the chronic phase: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"12","author":"Huppertz","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Neurol."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Keller, U. (2019). Nutritional laboratory markers in malnutrition. J. Clin. Med., 8.","DOI":"10.3390\/jcm8060775"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"17","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2015.02.009","article-title":"Serum albumin and health in older people: Review and meta analysis","volume":"81","author":"Cabrerizo","year":"2015","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"57","DOI":"10.4162\/nrp.2017.11.1.57","article-title":"Serum albumin levels and their correlates among individuals with motor disorders at five institutions in japan","volume":"11","author":"Ohwada","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutr. Res. Pract."},{"key":"ref_25","first-page":"1963","article-title":"Significance of rapid turnover proteins in protein-losing gastroenteropathy","volume":"50","author":"Takeda","year":"2003","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"638529","DOI":"10.3389\/fmed.2021.638529","article-title":"Serum prealbumin concentrations, covid-19 severity, and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Zinellu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Med."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"364","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2016.06.004","article-title":"Is transthyretin a good marker of nutritional status?","volume":"36","author":"Cynober","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"621","DOI":"10.1038\/s42003-020-01294-5","article-title":"Transferrin receptor 1 is a cellular receptor for human heme-albumin","volume":"3","author":"Jennifer","year":"2020","journal-title":"Commun. Biol."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ambrosius, W., Michalak, S., Kazmierski, R., Andrzejewska, N., and Kozubski, W. (2017). Predictive value of serum transthyretin for outcome in acute ischemic stroke. PLoS ONE, 12.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0179806"},{"key":"ref_30","first-page":"272","article-title":"Malnutrition: Laboratory markers vs nutritional assessment","volume":"4","author":"Bharadwaj","year":"2016","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"144","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607187011002144","article-title":"A comparison of serum transferrin and serum prealbumin as nutritional parameters","volume":"11","author":"Fletcher","year":"1987","journal-title":"JPEN J. Parenter Enteral. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"548","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(01)00578-0","article-title":"Malnutrition, nutritional indices, and early enteral feeding in critically ill children","volume":"17","author":"Briassoulis","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"177","DOI":"10.1002\/lary.26655","article-title":"Central voice production and pathophysiology of spasmodic dysphonia","volume":"128","author":"Mor","year":"2018","journal-title":"Laryngoscope"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.7812\/TPP\/20.104","article-title":"Ipsilateral vocal cord paralysis after acute anterior ischemic stroke","volume":"25","author":"Sawalha","year":"2020","journal-title":"Perm. J."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lengel\u00e9, L., Bruy\u00e8re, O., Beaudart, C., Reginster, J.Y., and Locquet, M. (2021). Impact of malnutrition status on muscle parameter changes over a 5-year follow-up of community-dwelling older adults from the sarcophage cohort. Nutrients, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13020407"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pierik, V.D., Meskers, C.G.M., Van Ancum, J.M., Numans, S.T., Verlaan, S., Scheerman, K., Kruizinga, R.C., and Maier, A.B. (2017). High risk of malnutrition is associated with low muscle mass in older hospitalized patients\u2014A prospective cohort study. BMC Geriatr., 17.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-017-0505-5"},{"key":"ref_37","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"330","DOI":"10.1038\/s41467-020-20123-1","article-title":"Mechanisms of muscle atrophy and hypertrophy: Implications in health and disease","volume":"12","author":"Sartori","year":"2021","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pourhassan, M., Rommersbach, N., Lueg, G., Klimek, C., Schnatmann, M., Liermann, D., Janssen, G., and Wirth, R. (2020). The impact of malnutrition on acute muscle wasting in frail older hospitalized patients. Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12051387"},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-020-00916-9","article-title":"The role of malnutrition and muscle wasting in advanced lung cancer","volume":"22","author":"Jain","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. Oncol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"584","DOI":"10.1111\/joor.12936","article-title":"The effects of sarcopenic dysphagia on the dynamics of swallowing organs observed on videofluoroscopic swallowing studies","volume":"47","author":"Miyashita","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Oral Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"266","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-022-1754-3","article-title":"Prevalence of hoarseness and its association with severity of dysphagia in patients with sarcopenic dysphagia","volume":"26","author":"Wakabayashi","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Health Aging"},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"516","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2017.11.007","article-title":"Ultrasonography to measure swallowing muscle mass and quality in older patients with sarcopenic dysphagia","volume":"19","author":"Ogawa","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Morisawa, T., Kunieda, Y., Koyama, S., Suzuki, M., Takahashi, Y., Takakura, T., Kikuchi, Y., Matsuda, T., Fujino, Y., and Sawa, R. (2021). The relationship between sarcopenia and respiratory muscle weakness in community-dwelling older adults. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 18.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph182413257"},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"8612828","DOI":"10.1155\/2018\/8612828","article-title":"Relation between level of serum transferrin and postoperative wound drainage in closed long bone fractures","volume":"2018","author":"Bhimani","year":"2018","journal-title":"Adv. Med."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Yuwen, P., Chen, W., Lv, H., Feng, C., Li, Y., Zhang, T., Hu, P., Guo, J., Tian, Y., and Liu, L. (2017). Albumin and surgical site infection risk in orthopaedics: A meta-analysis. BMC Surg., 17.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12893-016-0186-6"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"41493","DOI":"10.1038\/srep41493","article-title":"Serum prealbumin and its changes over time are associated with mortality in acute kidney injury","volume":"7","author":"Wang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"644.e29","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2017.01.002","article-title":"Measuring the dysphonia severity index (dsi) in the program praat","volume":"31","author":"Maryn","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Voice"},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"143.e9","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2020.04.010","article-title":"The dysphonia severity index (dsi)-normative values. Systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"36","author":"Sobol","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Voice"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"580","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2012.08.007","article-title":"Serum prealbumin: An independent marker of short-term energy intake in the presence of multiple-organ disease involvement","volume":"29","author":"Caccialanza","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1097\/00129334-200109000-00009","article-title":"The difference between albumin and prealbumin","volume":"14","author":"Collins","year":"2001","journal-title":"Adv. Skin Wound Care"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.5535\/arm.2016.40.4.600","article-title":"Effect of laryngopharyngeal neuromuscular electrical stimulation on dysphonia accompanied by dysphagia in post-stroke and traumatic brain injury patients: A pilot study","volume":"40","author":"Ko","year":"2016","journal-title":"Ann. Rehabil. Med."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9924(03)00016-9","article-title":"Voice dysfunction in dysarthria: Application of the multi-dimensional voice program","volume":"36","author":"Kent","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Commun. Disord."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"31","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.72.1.31","article-title":"Swallowing and voice effects of lee silverman voice treatment (lsvt): A pilot study","volume":"72","author":"Ramig","year":"2002","journal-title":"J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psychiatry"},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"54","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvoice.2009.07.006","article-title":"An exploratory study of voice change associated with healthy speakers after transcutaneous electrical stimulation to laryngeal muscles","volume":"25","author":"Fowler","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Voice"},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101","DOI":"10.1007\/s40136-021-00332-y","article-title":"Vocal fold paralysis and dysphagia","volume":"9","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Curr. Otorhinolaryngol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.00406.2002","article-title":"Laryngeal elevation achieved by neuromuscular stimulation at rest","volume":"94","author":"Burnett","year":"2003","journal-title":"J. Appl. Physiol."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"229","DOI":"10.2147\/IJGM.S102819","article-title":"Human serum albumin homeostasis: A new look at the roles of synthesis, catabolism, renal and gastrointestinal excretion, and the clinical value of serum albumin measurements","volume":"9","author":"Levitt","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Gen. Med."},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"230","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(79)90241-1","article-title":"Rapid-turnover transport proteins: An index of subclinical protein-energy malnutrition","volume":"2","author":"Shetty","year":"1979","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1308","DOI":"10.4103\/1673-5374.301024","article-title":"Transferrin receptor 1 plays an important role in muscle development and denervation-induced muscular atrophy","volume":"16","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"Neural Regen. Res."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1331","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-5415.2005.53417.x","article-title":"Serum albumin and muscle strength: A longitudinal study in older men and women","volume":"53","author":"Schalk","year":"2005","journal-title":"J. Am. Geriatr. Soc."},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van Atteveld, V.A., Van Ancum, J.M., Reijnierse, E.M., Trappenburg, M.C., Meskers, C.G.M., and Maier, A.B. (2019). Erythrocyte sedimentation rate and albumin as markers of inflammation are associated with measures of sarcopenia: A cross-sectional study. BMC Geriatr., 19.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-019-1253-5"},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"85.e1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamda.2014.10.006","article-title":"Incidence and predictors of sarcopenia onset in community-dwelling elderly japanese women: 4-year follow-up study","volume":"16","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Am. Med. Dir. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"684840","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2021.684840","article-title":"Assessment of tongue strength in sarcopenia and sarcopenic dysphagia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"8","author":"Chen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"507","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-021-1587-5","article-title":"Respiratory sarcopenia and sarcopenic respiratory disability: Concepts, diagnosis, and treatment","volume":"25","author":"Nagano","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Health Aging"},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4720","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-020-61565-3","article-title":"Evaluating the effects of smoking on the voice and subjective voice problems using a meta-analysis approach","volume":"10","author":"Byeon","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/15\/3\/652\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:17:31Z","timestamp":1760120251000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/15\/3\/652"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]]},"references-count":65,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2]]}},"alternative-id":["nu15030652"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15030652","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6643","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,1,27]]}}}