{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,12]],"date-time":"2026-09-12T04:15:21Z","timestamp":1789186521642,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":48,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,7]],"date-time":"2023-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100008427","name":"Corona Foundation (Corona Stiftung, Deutsches Stiftungszentrum Essen)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["S199\/10063\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S199\/10063\/2016"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100008427","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Open Access Publication Fund of Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin","award":["S199\/10063\/2016"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["S199\/10063\/2016"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study aimed at comparing the nutrient supply and dietary behaviors during a plant-based diet (PBD) combined with time-restricted eating (TRE) to standard dietary recommendations in rheumatoid arthritis patients. In this open-label, randomized, controlled clinical trial, patients were assigned to either a 7-day fast followed by an 11-week PBD including TRE (A) or a 12-week anti-inflammatory diet following official German guidelines (German Nutrition Society, DGE) (B). Dietary habits were assessed by 3-day food records at weeks -1, 4 and 9 and food frequency questionnaires. 41 out of 53 participants were included in a post-hoc per protocol analysis. Both groups had similar energy, carbohydrate, sugar, fiber and protein intake at week 4. Group A consumed significantly less total saturated fat than group B (15.9 \u00b1 7.7 vs. 23.2 \u00b1 10.3 g\/day; p = 0.02). Regarding micronutrients, group B consumed more vitamin A, B12, D, riboflavin and calcium (each p \u2264 0.02). Zinc and calcium were below recommended intakes in both groups. Cluster analysis did not show clear group allocation after three months. Hence, dietary counselling for a PBD combined with TRE compared to a standard anti-inflammatory diet does not seem to lead to two different dietary clusters, i.e., actual different dietary behaviors as expected. Larger confirmatory studies are warranted to further define dietary recommendations for RA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15040851","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]],"date-time":"2023-02-08T04:57:41Z","timestamp":1675832261000},"page":"851","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Post Hoc Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial on Fasting and Plant-Based Diet in Rheumatoid Arthritis (NutriFast): Nutritional Supply and Impact on Dietary Behavior"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0135-9643","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anika M.","family":"Hartmann","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Allergology, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marina","family":"D\u2019Urso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Infectiology and Rheumatology, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Melanie","family":"Dell\u2019Oro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Hospital Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniela A.","family":"Koppold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nico","family":"Steckhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Connected Healthcare, Hasso Plattner Institute, University of Potsdam, 10117 Potsdam, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Michalsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Hospital Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3071-7902","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Farid I.","family":"Kandil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Paediatric Oncology\/Haematology, Otto-Heubner Centre for Paediatric and Adolescent Medicine (OHC), Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7794-8375","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Christian S.","family":"Kessler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Social Medicine, Epidemiology and Health Economics, Charit\u00e9\u2014Universit\u00e4tsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universit\u00e4t Berlin and Humboldt-Universit\u00e4t zu Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany"},{"name":"Department of Internal and Integrative Medicine, Immanuel Hospital Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2015.8","article-title":"Rheumatoid arthritis therapy reappraisal: Strategies, opportunities and challenges","volume":"11","author":"Smolen","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. 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