{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T16:28:07Z","timestamp":1790958487721,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]],"date-time":"2023-03-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1678320000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Recently, low-carbohydrate diets (LCDs) have gained worldwide attention. LCDs are potentially effective for Japanese overweight and obese individuals with metabolic disorders. However, few randomized trials of LCDs have focused on the difference between LCDs and VLCDs. We conducted a randomized, prospective study of 42 Japanese, obese adults aged 28\u201365 years to evaluate the efficacy and safety of LCD and VLCD. To ensure the accuracy of the study, all test meals were provided, and compliance was checked using a smartphone app. Body composition measurements and blood tests were performed before and after the 2-month dietary intervention. The results showed that both methods significantly reduced body weight and fat, and also improved lipid abnormalities and liver function. In the current study, the reductions in weight and fat were comparable. The results of a questionnaire at the end of the study indicated that the LCD was easier to carry out than the VLCD, suggesting that the LCD was sustainable. The present study was unique in that it was a randomized, prospective study of Japanese subjects and that accurate data were obtained by providing meals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15061342","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,10]],"date-time":"2023-03-10T01:31:41Z","timestamp":1678411901000},"page":"1342","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Comparison of Weight Reduction, Change in Parameters and Safety of a Very Low Carbohydrate Diet in Comparison to a Low Carbohydrate Diet in Obese Japanese Subjects with Metabolic Disorders"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5099-7203","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Takako","family":"Kikuchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Medical Science, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo 103-0002, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1385-7487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Akifumi","family":"Kushiyama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacotherapy, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Kiyose 204-8588, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miho","family":"Yanai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RIZAP GROUP, Inc., Tokyo 160-0023, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chieko","family":"Kashiwado","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RIZAP GROUP, Inc., Tokyo 160-0023, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeshi","family":"Seto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RIZAP GROUP, Inc., Tokyo 160-0023, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Masato","family":"Kasuga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Institute of Medical Science, Asahi Life Foundation, Tokyo 103-0002, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"109119","DOI":"10.1016\/j.diabres.2021.109119","article-title":"IDF Diabetes Atlas: Global, regional and country-level diabetes prevalence estimates for 2021 and projections for 2045","volume":"183","author":"Sun","year":"2022","journal-title":"Diabetes Res. 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