{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,16]],"date-time":"2026-04-16T04:22:56Z","timestamp":1776313376570,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]],"date-time":"2023-03-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1679356800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006451","name":"Hospices Civils de Lyon","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NCT04877509"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NCT04877509"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006451","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Excessive inflammatory response has been implicated in severe respiratory forms of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Trace elements such as zinc, selenium, and copper are known to modulate inflammation and immunity. This study aimed to assess the relationships between antioxidant vitamins and mineral trace elements levels as well as COVID-19 severity in older adults hospitalized. In this observational retrospective cohort study, the levels of zinc, selenium, copper, vitamin A, \u03b2-carotene, and vitamin E were measured in 94 patients within the first 15 days of hospitalization. The outcomes were in-hospital mortality secondary to COVID-19 or severe COVID-19. A logistic regression analysis was conducted to test whether the levels of vitamins and minerals were independently associated with severity. In this cohort (average age of 78 years), severe forms (46%) were associated with lower zinc (p = 0.012) and \u03b2-carotene (p &lt; 0.001) concentrations, and in-hospital mortality (15%) was associated with lower zinc (p = 0.009), selenium (p = 0.014), vitamin A (p = 0.001), and \u03b2-carotene (p = 0.002) concentrations. In regression analysis, severe forms remained independently associated with lower zinc (aOR 2.13, p = 0.018) concentrations, and death was associated with lower vitamin A (aOR = 0.165, p = 0.021) concentrations. Low plasma concentrations of zinc and vitamin A were associated with poor prognosis in older people hospitalized with COVID-19.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15061516","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,22]],"date-time":"2023-03-22T06:00:01Z","timestamp":1679464801000},"page":"1516","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["Minerals and Antioxidant Micronutrients Levels and Clinical Outcome in Older Patients Hospitalized for COVID-19 during the First Wave of the Pandemic"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0839-9971","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cl\u00e9ment","family":"Lahaye","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine, H\u00f4pital Gabriel Montpied, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"},{"name":"Unit\u00e9 de Nutrition Humaine, Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, INRAE, 63000 Clermont-Ferrand, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4019-532X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fran\u00e7ois","family":"Parant","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Center South, H\u00f4pital Lyon Sud, 69310 Pierre-B\u00e9nite, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Julie","family":"Haesebaert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health Unit, Department of Clinical Research and Epidemiology, Groupement Hospitalier Est, 69002 Lyon, France"},{"name":"RESHAPE Research on Healthcare Performance Inserm U1290, Universit\u00e9 Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karine","family":"Goldet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Centre, Ageing, Brain, Fragility-H\u00f4pital des Charpennes, 69100 Villeurbanne, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lamia","family":"Bendim\u2019red","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Research Centre, Ageing, Brain, Fragility-H\u00f4pital des Charpennes, 69100 Villeurbanne, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laetitia","family":"Henaff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Prevention, H\u00f4pital \u00c9douard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69003 Lyon, France"},{"name":"ICIR-International Center for Infectiology Research (Team PHE3ID), Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, 46 All\u00e9e d\u2019Italie, 69007 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1265-8806","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mitra","family":"Saadatian-Elahi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Prevention, H\u00f4pital \u00c9douard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69003 Lyon, France"},{"name":"ICIR-International Center for Infectiology Research (Team PHE3ID), Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, 46 All\u00e9e d\u2019Italie, 69007 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Philippe","family":"Vanhems","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hygiene, Epidemiology and Prevention, H\u00f4pital \u00c9douard Herriot, Hospices Civils de Lyon, 69003 Lyon, France"},{"name":"ICIR-International Center for Infectiology Research (Team PHE3ID), Claude Bernard Lyon 1 University, Inserm, U1111, CNRS, UMR5308, ENS Lyon, 46 All\u00e9e d\u2019Italie, 69007 Lyon, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Cuerq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Center South, H\u00f4pital Lyon Sud, 69310 Pierre-B\u00e9nite, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8270-7605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Thomas","family":"Gilbert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RESHAPE Research on Healthcare Performance Inserm U1290, Universit\u00e9 Lyon 1, 69008 Lyon, France"},{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine, Groupement Hospitalier Sud, CHU de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-B\u00e9nite, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Emilie","family":"Blond","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Center South, H\u00f4pital Lyon Sud, 69310 Pierre-B\u00e9nite, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muriel","family":"Bost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biology Center South, H\u00f4pital Lyon Sud, 69310 Pierre-B\u00e9nite, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc","family":"Bonnefoy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine, Groupement Hospitalier Sud, CHU de Lyon, 69495 Pierre-B\u00e9nite, France"},{"name":"INSERM, 1060 CaRMeN 165 Chemin du Grand Revoyet, 69310 Pierre-B\u00e9nite, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2","DOI":"10.3390\/biologics1010002","article-title":"Overview of COVID-19 Disease: Virology, Epidemiology, Prevention Diagnosis, Treatment, and Vaccines","volume":"1","author":"Salahshoori","year":"2021","journal-title":"Biologics"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e0438","DOI":"10.1097\/CCE.0000000000000438","article-title":"Outcome Improvement Between the First Two Waves of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 Pandemic in a Single 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