{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,11]],"date-time":"2026-03-11T05:35:40Z","timestamp":1773207340254,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,6]],"date-time":"2023-05-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1683331200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical University of Bialystok","award":["B.SUB.23.359"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B.SUB.23.359"]}]},{"name":"Medical University of Bialystok","award":["SUB1\/NN\/22\/001\/2201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SUB1\/NN\/22\/001\/2201"]}]},{"name":"Medical University of Bialystok","award":["SUB\/2\/NN\/22\/001\/2201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SUB\/2\/NN\/22\/001\/2201"]}]},{"name":"Medical University of Bialystok","award":["2021\/43\/B\/NZ7\/01903"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/43\/B\/NZ7\/01903"]}]},{"name":"Grant of National Science Center Opus 22 Nr","award":["B.SUB.23.359"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["B.SUB.23.359"]}]},{"name":"Grant of National Science Center Opus 22 Nr","award":["SUB1\/NN\/22\/001\/2201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SUB1\/NN\/22\/001\/2201"]}]},{"name":"Grant of National Science Center Opus 22 Nr","award":["SUB\/2\/NN\/22\/001\/2201"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SUB\/2\/NN\/22\/001\/2201"]}]},{"name":"Grant of National Science Center Opus 22 Nr","award":["2021\/43\/B\/NZ7\/01903"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021\/43\/B\/NZ7\/01903"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) is a life-saving therapy for patients with intestinal failure, but it carries the risk of complications, including an increase in liver enzymes alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) after long-term use. Patients receiving chronic TPN are also exposed to metabolic stress from both the underlying disease and parenteral nutrition. The aim of this study was to compare the concentration of liver transaminases AST and ALT in relation to the rate of oxygen consumption in platelet mitochondria in patients receiving long-term TPN with the degree of oxidative stress induced by lipid emulsions, and to explain their role in cellular energy metabolism and changes in the liver based on the percentage of genomic DNA damage. The study group consisted of 86 TPN patients, while the control group consisted of 86 healthy volunteers who were fed only orally. The results of the study showed that the percentage of molecular oxygen depended on the type of lipid emulsion supplied. Analyzing time on TPN as a factor, we observed a decrease in percentage genomic DNA damage and an increase in percentage molecular oxygen in cells. It remains unclear whether TPN has a direct effect on genomic DNA damage and the level of molecular oxygen in cells during the course of treatment. In conclusion, this study provides important insights into the potential effects of TPN on liver enzymes and cellular metabolism. Further research is needed to better understand the underlying mechanisms and to develop strategies to minimize the risk of complications associated with TPN.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15092206","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,8]],"date-time":"2023-05-08T02:03:31Z","timestamp":1683511411000},"page":"2206","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Molecular Oxygen Levels and Percentages of DNA Damage in TPN Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Karolina","family":"D\u0105browska","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery and Clinical Nutrition, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Erazma Cio\u0142ka 27, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5324-9569","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zuzanna","family":"Zaczek","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery and Clinical Nutrition, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland"},{"name":"Department of Human Nutrition, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Erazma Cio\u0142ka 27, 01-445 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1830-2114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mariusz","family":"Panczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Education and Research in Health Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Warsaw, Litewska 14\/16, 00-581 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sylwia","family":"Osowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Pharmacy, Warsaw Medical University, Banacha 1, 02-097 Warszawa, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4025-3750","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pawe\u0142","family":"Kowalczyk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Kielanowski Institute of Animal Physiology and Nutrition, Polish Academy of Sciences, 05-110 Jablonna, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karol","family":"Kramkowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Chemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Kili\u0144skiego 1, 15-089 Bialystok, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0587-823X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jacek","family":"Sobocki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery and Clinical Nutrition, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, 01-813 Warsaw, Poland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2016.09.004","article-title":"ESPEN guidelines on definitions and terminology of clinical nutrition","volume":"36","author":"Cederholm","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. 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