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Milk contains lactose, which is a sugar hydrolysed by the lactase enzyme. Lactose intolerance and lactose malabsorption are very common food intolerances among individuals. However, a lot of consumers consider themselves as lactose intolerant on the basis of self-reported intolerance and start to avoid dairy products, ignoring that plant-based milk alternatives are not nutritionally comparable to animal milk, especially in terms of protein intake. The aim of this study is to grow folder knowledge of the security of plant-based drinks, helping competent authorities to issue a risk assessment and to apply national plans about consumer safety. Results show that proper sanitary practices, such as pasteurization, are necessary in plant-based milk alternatives as well as in dairy milk. Chemical analysis has highlighted that there are no pesticide risks for consumers.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15102258","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,11]],"date-time":"2023-05-11T01:37:09Z","timestamp":1683769029000},"page":"2258","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":41,"title":["Soy, Rice and Oat Drinks: Investigating Chemical and Biological Safety in Plant-Based Milk Alternatives"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8353-5136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberta","family":"Giugliano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory of Pesticides in Cereals and Feed (NRL), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria E Valle D\u2019Aosta, Piazza Borgo Pila 39\/24, 16129 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0498-1876","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Noemi","family":"Musolino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Centre for the Detection of Substances and Products Causing Allergies or Intolerances in Food (CReNaRiA), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle D\u2019Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Ciccotelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory of Pesticides in Cereals and Feed (NRL), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria E Valle D\u2019Aosta, Piazza Borgo Pila 39\/24, 16129 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0078-6368","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla","family":"Ferraris","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Centre for the Detection of Substances and Products Causing Allergies or Intolerances in Food (CReNaRiA), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle D\u2019Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Valentina","family":"Savio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory of Pesticides in Cereals and Feed (NRL), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria E Valle D\u2019Aosta, Piazza Borgo Pila 39\/24, 16129 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Vivaldi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory of Pesticides in Cereals and Feed (NRL), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria E Valle D\u2019Aosta, Piazza Borgo Pila 39\/24, 16129 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3181-6646","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Ercolini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Laboratory of Pesticides in Cereals and Feed (NRL), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria E Valle D\u2019Aosta, Piazza Borgo Pila 39\/24, 16129 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0500-3134","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela Manila","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Centre for the Detection of Substances and Products Causing Allergies or Intolerances in Food (CReNaRiA), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle D\u2019Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Decastelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Reference Centre for the Detection of Substances and Products Causing Allergies or Intolerances in Food (CReNaRiA), Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle D\u2019Aosta, Via Bologna 148, 10154 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3408","DOI":"10.1007\/s13197-016-2328-3","article-title":"Plant-Based Milk Alternatives an Emerging Segment of Functional Beverages: A Review","volume":"53","author":"Sethi","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. 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