{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T19:17:40Z","timestamp":1791227860318,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]],"date-time":"2023-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684800000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003196","name":"Ministero della Salute","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GR-2010-2304957"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GR-2010-2304957"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003196","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: During pregnancy, the balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory responses is essential for ensuring healthy outcomes. Dietary Fatty acids may modulate inflammation. Methods: We investigated the association between dietary fatty acids as profiled on red blood cells membranes and a few pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, including the adipokines leptin and adiponectin at ~38 weeks in 250 healthy women. Results: We found a number of associations, including, but not limited to those of adiponectin with C22:3\/C22:4 (coeff \u22121.44; p = 0.008), C18:1 c13\/c14 (coeff 1.4; p = 0.02); endotoxin with C20:1 (coeff \u22120.9; p = 0.03), C22:0 (coeff \u22120.4; p = 0.05); MCP-1 with C16:0 (coeff 0.8; p = 0.04); and ICAM-1 with C14:0 (coeff \u221286.8; p = 0.045). Several cytokines including leptin were associated with maternal body weight (coeff 0.9; p = 2.31 \u00d7 10\u22125), smoking habits (i.e., ICAM-1 coeff 133.3; p = 0.09), or gestational diabetes (i.e., ICAM-1 coeff 688; p = 0.06). Conclusions: In a general cohort of pregnant women, the intake of fatty acids influenced the balance between pro- and anti-inflammatory molecules together with weight gain, smoking habits, and gestational diabetes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15112432","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]],"date-time":"2023-05-23T09:13:50Z","timestamp":1684833230000},"page":"2432","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Dietary Fatty Acids Contribute to Maintaining the Balance between Pro-Inflammatory and Anti-Inflammatory Responses during Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1016-460X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Valeria","family":"Policastro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Political Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80138 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo \u201cMauro Picone\u201d, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1504-3583","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dario","family":"Righelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto per le Applicazioni del Calcolo \u201cMauro Picone\u201d, National Research Council, 80131 Naples, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Statistical Sciences, University of Padova, 35121 Padua, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3238-7807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lucilla","family":"Rav\u00e0","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clinical Epidemiology, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pamela","family":"Vernocchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unit of Human Microbiome, Multimodal Laboratory Medicine Research Area, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marzia","family":"Bianchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Unit of Molecular Genetics of Complex Phenotypes, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00146 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Vallone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, USL Roma1, San Filippo Neri Hospital, 00135 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Signore","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, USL Roma2, Sant \u2018Eugenio Hospital, 00144 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6581-975X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Melania","family":"Manco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Area for Fetal, Neonatal and Cardiological Sciences, Bambino Ges\u00f9 Children\u2019s Hospital, IRCCS, 00165 Roma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gustafsson, C., Mj\u00f6sberg, J., Matussek, A., Geffers, R., Matthiesen, L., Berg, G., Sharma, S., Buer, J., and Ernerudh, J. 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