{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,24]],"date-time":"2026-03-24T00:41:01Z","timestamp":1774312861592,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]],"date-time":"2023-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1684972800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Alzheimer Nederland"},{"name":"Jo Kolk Studiefonds"},{"name":"Leiden University Fund (LUF)"},{"name":"Center for Oral Health Services and Research Mid-Norway (TkMidt)"},{"name":"Trondheim, Norway"},{"name":"General Practice Research Unit"},{"name":"Department of Public Health and Nursing"},{"name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Studies exploring the possible protective effect of coffee and tea consumption on dementia have shown inconsistent results so far. We aimed to investigate whether consumption of tea and different types of coffee at midlife are associated with dementia later in life and whether sex or ApoE4 influence such association. Methods: We included 7381 participants from the Norwegian HUNT Study. Self-reported questionnaires assessed daily consumption of coffee and tea at baseline. After 22 years, individuals 70 years or older were screened for cognitive impairment. Results: General coffee consumption and tea consumption was not associated with dementia risk. Compared to daily consumption of 0\u20131 cups of coffee, daily consumption of \u22658 cups of boiled coffee was associated with increased dementia risk in women (OR: 1.83, 95% CI: 1.10\u20133.04, p-value for trend = 0.03) and daily consumption of 4\u20135 cups of other types of coffee was associated with a decrease in dementia risk in men (OR: 0.48, 95% CI: 0.32\u20130.72, p-value for trend = 0.05). Furthermore, the association between boiled coffee and increased dementia risk was only found in ApoE4 non-carriers. Differences by sex or ApoE4 carrier status were not supported by strong statistical evidence for interaction. Tea consumption was not associated with dementia risk. Conclusion: type of coffee may play a role in the direction of the association between coffee-drinking habits and dementia later in life.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15112469","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,26]],"date-time":"2023-05-26T02:00:19Z","timestamp":1685066419000},"page":"2469","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["The Association between Coffee and Tea Consumption at Midlife and Risk of Dementia Later in Life: The HUNT Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Denise","family":"Abbel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7600 Levanger, Norway"},{"name":"Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands"},{"name":"K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bj\u00f8rn Olav","family":"\u00c5svold","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7600 Levanger, Norway"},{"name":"K.G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Endocrinology, Clinic of Medicine, St. Olavs Hospital, Trondheim University Hospital, 7030 Trondheim, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3440-5503","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marit","family":"Kolberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center for Oral Health Services and Research Mid-Norway (TkMidt), 7030 Trondheim, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Geir","family":"Selb\u00e6k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Norwegian National Centre for Aging and Health, Vestfold Hospital Trust, 3103 T\u00f8nsberg, Norway"},{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, 0424 Oslo, Norway"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, 0318 Oslo, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7801-809X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raymond","family":"Noordam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3067-0016","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"H\u00e5vard Kjesbu","family":"Skjellegrind","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"HUNT Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Nursing, NTNU, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7600 Levanger, Norway"},{"name":"General Practice Research Unit, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), 7491 Trondheim, Norway"},{"name":"Levanger Hospital, Nord-Tr\u00f8ndelag Hospital Trust, 7600 Levanger, Norway"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,5,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"Global Burden of Disease Dementia Forecasting Collaborators (2022). 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