{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,20]],"date-time":"2026-05-20T17:16:35Z","timestamp":1779297395508,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,3]],"date-time":"2023-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1685750400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"FrieslandCampina Nederland B.V."}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The development of early-onset cow\u2019s milk protein allergy and atopic dermatitis during the first months of life is multifactorial, including both genetic and nutritional aspects. This study aims to assess the impact of different feeding patterns on the incidence of cow\u2019s milk protein allergy, atopic dermatitis, and growth among infants with a family history of allergy. A total of 551 high-risk infants were randomly recruited from 3 European countries in three feeding regimens: exclusive breastfeeding, partially hydrolyzed formula, or standard formula with intact protein either exclusively or supplementary to breastfeeding. During the first 6 months of intervention, amongst infants with a family history of atopic dermatitis, 6.5% of partially hydrolyzed formula-fed infants and 22.7% of exclusively breastfed infants (p = 0.007) presented with atopic dermatitis respectively. Growth as assessed by weight increase did not differ between the aforementioned groups. Although cow\u2019s milk protein allergy was not related to the different milk feeding regimens in the whole cohort, when adjusting for high breast milk intake, the respective incident was significantly lower in the infants consuming partially hydrolyzed formula (p &lt; 0.001). This data indicates that a specific partially hydrolyzed formula could serve as a more appropriate complement to breast milk compared to a standard intact protein formula in high-risk infants, to reduce the incidence of atopic dermatitis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15112622","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,5]],"date-time":"2023-06-05T02:18:29Z","timestamp":1685931509000},"page":"2622","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["The Impact of Infant Feeding Regimen on Cow\u2019s Milk Protein Allergy, Atopic Dermatitis and Growth in High-Risk Infants during the First 6 Months of Life: The Allergy Reduction Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Theodora","family":"Boutsikou","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mikaela","family":"Sekkidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asthma and Allergy Center, 3025 Limassol, Cyprus"},{"name":"University of Nicosia Medical School, 2408 Nicosia, Cyprus"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5395-7023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eva","family":"Karaglani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 17671 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adamantia","family":"Krepi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3009-6675","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"George","family":"Moschonis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food, Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicolaos","family":"Nicolaou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Asthma and Allergy Center, 3025 Limassol, Cyprus"},{"name":"University of Nicosia Medical School, 2408 Nicosia, Cyprus"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8021-6191","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicoletta","family":"Iacovidou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8286-3923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rouzha","family":"Pancheva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Miglena","family":"Marinova-Achkar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simoneta","family":"Popova","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Faculty of Public Health, Medical University of Varna, 9000 Varna, Bulgaria"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anastasia","family":"Kapetanaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, General and Maternity Hospital Elena Venizelou, 11521 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4316-7305","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zoi","family":"Iliodromiti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Department, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Aretaieio Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vassiliki","family":"Papaevangelou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Third Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ATTIKON General University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olympia","family":"Sardeli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Third Department of Pediatrics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, ATTIKON General University Hospital, 12462 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Evangelia","family":"Papathoma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Alexandra General Hospital, 11528 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anne","family":"Schaafsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FrieslandCampina, 3818 LE Amersfoort, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rolf","family":"Bos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"FrieslandCampina, 3818 LE Amersfoort, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6486-114X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yannis","family":"Manios","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, School of Health Science and Education, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Ave., 17671 Athens, Greece"},{"name":"Institute of Agri-Food and Life Sciences, Hellenic Mediterranean University Research Centre, 71410 Heraklion, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9204-1923","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Paraskevi","family":"Xepapadaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Allergy Department, 2nd Pediatric Clinic, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 15771 Athens, Greece"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"215","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaip.2015.10.010","article-title":"Prospects for prevention of food allergy","volume":"4","author":"Allen","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Allergy Clin. Immunol. 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