{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,7]],"date-time":"2026-10-07T19:16:42Z","timestamp":1791400602169,"version":"4.3.3"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]],"date-time":"2023-06-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686528000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China through National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["71904142"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71904142"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China through National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72004160"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72004160"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China through National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["71904142"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["71904142"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China through National Natural Science Foundation of China Youth Project","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["72004160"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["72004160"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We aimed to explore the correlation between plant-based diet indices and abdominal obesity with depression and anxiety among older Chinese adults. This study used a cross-sectional design using data from the 2018 Chinese Longitudinal Healthy Longevity Survey (CLHLS). We used a simplified food frequency questionnaire to evaluate the overall plant-based diet index (PDI), the healthful plant-based diet index (hPDI), and the unhealthful plant-based diet index (uPDI) separately, based on the potential health effects of the foods. Waist circumference (WC) was used to define abdominal obesity. The 10-item Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D-10) and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (GAD-7) were applied to estimate depression symptoms and anxiety symptoms, respectively. Multi-adjusted binary logistic regression models were conducted to explore the effects of the three plant-based diet indices, abdominal obesity status, and their interaction on depression and anxiety. We enrolled a total of 11,623 participants aged 83.21 \u00b1 10.98 years, of which 3140 (27.0%) participants had depression and 1361 (11.7%) had anxiety. The trend in the prevalence of depression\/anxiety across increasing quartiles of the plant-based diet indices was statistically significant after controlling for potential confounders (p-trend &lt; 0.05). Abdominal obesity was related to a lower prevalence of depression (OR = 0.86, 95% CI: 0.77\u22120.95) and anxiety (OR = 0.79, 95% CI: 0.69\u22120.90) compared with non-abdominal obesity. The protective effects of the PDI and hPDI against depression (OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.41\u22120.64; OR = 0.59, 95% CI: 0.48\u22120.73, respectively) and anxiety (OR = 0.75, 95% CI: 0.57\u22121.00; OR = 0.52, 95% CI: 0.39\u22120.70, respectively) were more pronounced in non-abdominally obese participants. The harmful effects of the uPDI against depression (OR = 1.78, 95% CI: 1.42\u22122.23) and anxiety (OR = 1.56, 95% CI: 1.16\u22122.10) were more pronounced in non-abdominally obese participants. In addition, a significant interaction between the plant-based diet indices and abdominal obesity was observed in terms of causing the prevalence of depression and anxiety. Consuming more of a healthful plant-based diet and less of an animal-based diet is related to a lower prevalence of depression and anxiety. A healthful plant-based diet plays a vital role in non-abdominally obese individuals.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15122721","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,13]],"date-time":"2023-06-13T02:00:45Z","timestamp":1686621645000},"page":"2721","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":27,"title":["Association of Plant-Based Diet Indices and Abdominal Obesity with Mental Disorders among Older Chinese Adults"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Ran","family":"Qi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baihe","family":"Sheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lihui","family":"Zhou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanchun","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Li","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Nursing, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4426-939X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xinyu","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104709","DOI":"10.1016\/j.archger.2022.104709","article-title":"Urbanization and population aging: Converging trends of demographic transitions in modern world","volume":"101","author":"Chen","year":"2022","journal-title":"Arch. 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