{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,18]],"date-time":"2026-03-18T02:40:20Z","timestamp":1773801620014,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":235,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]],"date-time":"2023-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1686873600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Liver transplantation (LT) is a complex surgical procedure requiring thorough pre- and post-operative planning and care. The nutritional status of the patient before, during, and after LT is crucial to surgical success and long-term prognosis. This review aims to assess nutritional status assessment and management before, during, and after LT, with a focus on patients who have undergone bariatric surgery. We performed a comprehensive topic search on MEDLINE, Ovid, In-Process, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, and PubMed up to March 2023. It identifies key factors influencing the nutritional status of liver transplant patients, such as pre-existing malnutrition, the type and severity of liver disease, comorbidities, and immunosuppressive medications. The review highlights the importance of pre-operative nutritional assessment and intervention, close nutritional status monitoring, individualised nutrition care plans, and ongoing nutritional support and monitoring after LT. The review concludes by examining the effect of bariatric surgery on the nutritional status of liver transplant recipients. The review offers valuable insights into the challenges and opportunities for optimising nutritional status before, during, and after LT.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15122778","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]],"date-time":"2023-06-16T08:56:01Z","timestamp":1686905761000},"page":"2778","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["From Listing to Recovery: A Review of Nutritional Status Assessment and Management in Liver Transplant Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1142-8585","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Ravaioli","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"De Maria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3716-7010","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenza","family":"Di Marco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy"},{"name":"Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Pivetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Riccardo","family":"Casciola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Ceraso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"Frassanito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Pambianco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maddalena","family":"Pecchini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chiara","family":"Sicuro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Laura","family":"Leoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Metabolic Diseases and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Specialistic Medicines, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Largo del Pozzo 71, 41125 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Di Sandro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, University Hospital of Modena \u201cPoliclinico\u201d, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paolo","family":"Magistri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, University Hospital of Modena \u201cPoliclinico\u201d, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Renata","family":"Menozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Metabolic Diseases and Clinical Nutrition, Department of Specialistic Medicines, University Hospital of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Largo del Pozzo 71, 41125 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fabrizio","family":"Di Benedetto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepato-Pancreato-Biliary Surgery and Liver Transplantation Unit, University Hospital of Modena \u201cPoliclinico\u201d, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8384-801X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonio","family":"Colecchia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Medical Specialties, University Hospital of Modena, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, 41121 Modena, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"332","DOI":"10.1080\/08941939.2018.1517839","article-title":"Liver Regeneration After Major Liver Resection for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the Elderly","volume":"33","author":"Yasuda","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Investig. Surg."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"172","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2018.06.024","article-title":"EASL Clinical Practice Guidelines on Nutrition in Chronic Liver Disease","volume":"70","author":"Merli","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_3","first-page":"839","article-title":"Nutritional status and immunity in alcoholic cirrhosis (author\u2019s transl)","volume":"5","author":"Franco","year":"1981","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Clin. Biol."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1507","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12999","article-title":"Malnutrition in Cirrhosis Increases Morbidity and Mortality: Malnutrition in Cirrhosis","volume":"30","author":"Maharshi","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"130S","DOI":"10.1177\/014860718701100521","article-title":"Optimal Nutritional Indexes in Chronic Liver Disease","volume":"11","author":"Merli","year":"1987","journal-title":"JPEN J. Parenter. Enter. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_6","first-page":"317","article-title":"Nutritional Status in Cirrhosis. Italian Multicentre Cooperative Project on Nutrition in Liver Cirrhosis","volume":"21","author":"Merli","year":"1994","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"619","DOI":"10.1016\/S0889-8553(21)00646-4","article-title":"Nutritional Therapy and Liver Disease","volume":"18","author":"McCullough","year":"1989","journal-title":"Gastroenterol. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"269","DOI":"10.1590\/S0004-28032006000400005","article-title":"Evaluation of Nutritional Status of Nonhospitalized Patients with Liver Cirrhosis","volume":"43","author":"Carvalho","year":"2006","journal-title":"Arq. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1080\/17474124.2021.1848542","article-title":"Clinical Impact of Sarcopenia Assessment in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis","volume":"15","author":"Marasco","year":"2021","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7637","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v21.i25.7637","article-title":"Sarcopenia in the Prognosis of Cirrhosis: Going beyond the MELD Score","volume":"21","author":"Kim","year":"2015","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"208","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-3231.2009.02135.x","article-title":"Nutritional Status: Its Influence on the Outcome of Patients Undergoing Liver Transplantation","volume":"30","author":"Merli","year":"2010","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marasco, G., Dajti, E., Serenari, M., Alemanni, L.V., Ravaioli, F., Ravaioli, M., Vestito, A., Vara, G., Festi, D., and Golfieri, R. (2022). Sarcopenia Predicts Major Complications after Resection for Primary Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Compensated Cirrhosis. Cancers, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/cancers14081935"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1080\/17474124.2018.1534586","article-title":"Sarcopenia and Chronic Liver Diseases","volume":"12","author":"Hsu","year":"2018","journal-title":"Expert Rev. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2277","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.13732","article-title":"Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Impact of Computed Tomography\u2013Assessed Skeletal Muscle Mass on Outcome in Patients Awaiting or Undergoing Liver Transplantation","volume":"16","author":"Levolger","year":"2016","journal-title":"Am. J. Transplant."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.08.002","article-title":"GLIM Criteria for the Diagnosis of Malnutrition\u2014A Consensus Report from the Global Clinical Nutrition Community","volume":"38","author":"Cederholm","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"845","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-019-01605-6","article-title":"Sarcopenia in Cirrhosis: From Pathogenesis to Interventions","volume":"54","author":"Ebadi","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1232","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2016.07.040","article-title":"Sarcopenia from Mechanism to Diagnosis and Treatment in Liver Disease","volume":"65","author":"Dasarathy","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4567","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.v26.i31.4567","article-title":"Current Understanding of the Metabolism of Micronutrients in Chronic Alcoholic Liver Disease","volume":"26","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"World J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1016\/j.drugalcdep.2017.08.039","article-title":"Folate Deficiency in Patients Seeking Treatment of Alcohol Use Disorder","volume":"180","author":"Sanvisens","year":"2017","journal-title":"Drug Alcohol Depend."},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ravaioli, F., Pivetti, A., Di Marco, L., Chrysanthi, C., Frassanito, G., Pambianco, M., Sicuro, C., Gualandi, N., Guasconi, T., and Pecchini, M. (2022). Role of Vitamin D in Liver Disease and Complications of Advanced Chronic Liver Disease. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 23.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms23169016"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"91","DOI":"10.1016\/0928-4346(94)00159-3","article-title":"Clearance Rate of Plasma Branched-Chain Amino Acids Correlates Significantly with Blood Ammonia Level in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis","volume":"3","author":"Yamato","year":"1995","journal-title":"Int. Hepatol. Commun."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1034","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840080509","article-title":"Free Amino Acids in Plasma and Skeletal Muscle of Patients with Liver Cirrhosis","volume":"8","author":"Montanari","year":"1988","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30534","article-title":"Prognostic Role of Ammonia in Patients with Cirrhosis","volume":"70","author":"Shalimar","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2020.12.114","article-title":"Size and Location of Spontaneous Portosystemic Shunts Predict the Risk of Decompensation in Cirrhotic Patients","volume":"54","author":"Dajti","year":"2022","journal-title":"Dig. Liver Dis."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hanai, T., Shiraki, M., Imai, K., Suetugu, A., Takai, K., and Shimizu, M. (2020). Usefulness of Carnitine Supplementation for the Complications of Liver Cirrhosis. Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12071915"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"240","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI110240","article-title":"Hepatic, Gut, and Renal Substrate Flux Rates in Patients with Hepatic Cirrhosis","volume":"68","author":"Owen","year":"1981","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1821","DOI":"10.1172\/JCI111142","article-title":"Nature and Quantity of Fuels Consumed in Patients with Alcoholic Cirrhosis","volume":"72","author":"Owen","year":"1983","journal-title":"J. Clin. Investig."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15571","article-title":"Review Article: Malnutrition\/Sarcopenia and Frailty in Patients with Cirrhosis","volume":"51","author":"Bunchorntavakul","year":"2020","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"110010","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejrad.2021.110010","article-title":"Validation of a Standardized CT Protocol for the Evaluation of Varices and Porto-Systemic Shunts in Cirrhotic Patients","volume":"147","author":"Renzulli","year":"2022","journal-title":"Eur. J. Radiol."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1178","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14358","article-title":"Continued Muscle Loss Increases Mortality in Cirrhosis: Impact of Aetiology of Liver Disease","volume":"40","author":"Welch","year":"2020","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"677","DOI":"10.4161\/auto.27918","article-title":"Alcohol-Induced Autophagy Contributes to Loss in Skeletal Muscle Mass","volume":"10","author":"Thapaliya","year":"2014","journal-title":"Autophagy"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3609","DOI":"10.1002\/pmic.200800959","article-title":"Chronic Ethanol Feeding Affects Proteasome-Interacting Proteins","volume":"9","author":"Nguen","year":"2009","journal-title":"Proteomics"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1611","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32049","article-title":"Malnutrition, Frailty, and Sarcopenia in Patients with Cirrhosis: 2021 Practice Guidance by the American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases","volume":"74","author":"Lai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2055","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29420","article-title":"Sarcopenia in Hiding: The Risk and Consequence of Underestimating Muscle Dysfunction in Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis","volume":"66","author":"Bhanji","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"260","DOI":"10.1002\/jcp.29839","article-title":"Cholic Acid and Deoxycholic Acid Induce Skeletal Muscle Atrophy through a Mechanism Dependent on TGR5 Receptor","volume":"236","author":"Abrigo","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Cell Physiol."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1264","DOI":"10.1111\/hepr.12085","article-title":"Physical Inactivity and Insufficient Dietary Intake Are Associated with the Frequency of Sarcopenia in Patients with Compensated Viral Liver Cirrhosis: Sarcopenia in Compensated Liver Cirrhosis","volume":"43","author":"Hayashi","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatol. Res."},{"key":"ref_37","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2020, August 16). Social Determinants of Health: Know What Affects Health, Available online: https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/socialdeterminants\/index.htm."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"748","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.88.9.748","article-title":"Health Consequences of Obesity","volume":"88","author":"Reilly","year":"2003","journal-title":"Arch. Dis. Child."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2288","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000001794","article-title":"Liver Transplantation in the Obese Cirrhotic Patient","volume":"101","author":"Spengler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1286","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.24188","article-title":"Low, Rather than High, Body Mass Index Confers Increased Risk for Post-Liver Transplant Death and Graft Loss: Risk Modulated by Model for End-Stage Liver Disease: Risk from Low Body Mass Index","volume":"21","author":"Bambha","year":"2015","journal-title":"Liver Transplant."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1054","DOI":"10.3904\/kjim.2016.193","article-title":"Sarcopenia and Sarcopenic Obesity","volume":"31","author":"Choi","year":"2016","journal-title":"Korean J. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cger.2011.03.007","article-title":"Sarcopenia and Obesity","volume":"27","author":"Waters","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Geriatr. Med."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"990","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2021.11.014","article-title":"Definition and Diagnostic Criteria for Sarcopenic Obesity: ESPEN and EASO Consensus Statement","volume":"41","author":"Donini","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"437","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06498.x","article-title":"Body Composition in Healthy Aging","volume":"904","author":"Baumgartner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12039","article-title":"Sarcopenic Obesity and Myosteatosis Are Associated with Higher Mortality in Patients with Cirrhosis: Sarcopenic Obesity and Myosteatosis in Cirrhosis","volume":"7","author":"Angulo","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1177\/0148607110389335","article-title":"Board of Directors. A.S.P.E.N. Clinical Guidelines: Nutrition Screening, Assessment, and Intervention in Adults","volume":"35","author":"Mueller","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Parenter. Enter. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2018.12.022","article-title":"ESPEN Guideline on Clinical Nutrition in Liver Disease","volume":"38","author":"Plauth","year":"2019","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"357","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/47.2.357","article-title":"A randomized clinical trial of total parenteral nutrition in malnourished surgical patients: The rationale and impact of previous clinical trials and pilot study on protocol design","volume":"47","author":"Buzby","year":"1988","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1007\/s12603-009-0214-7","article-title":"Validation of the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short-Form (MNA(r)-SF) A Practical Tool for Identification of Nutritional Status","volume":"13","author":"Kaiser","year":"2009","journal-title":"J. Nutr. Health Aging"},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2021.08.015","article-title":"Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool and Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment Short Form and Their Predictive Validity in Hospitalized Patients","volume":"45","author":"Bakker","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr. ESPEN"},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Lau, S., Pek, K., Chew, J., Lim, J.P., Ismail, N.H., Ding, Y.Y., Cesari, M., and Lim, W.S. (2020). The Simplified Nutritional Appetite Questionnaire (SNAQ) as a Screening Tool for Risk of Malnutrition: Optimal Cutoff, Factor Structure, and Validation in Healthy Community-Dwelling Older Adults. Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12092885"},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"321","DOI":"10.1016\/S0261-5614(02)00214-5","article-title":"Nutritional Risk Screening (NRS 2002): A New Method Based on an Analysis of Controlled Clinical Trials","volume":"22","author":"Kondrup","year":"2003","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1007\/s00520-014-2319-8","article-title":"Comparison of a Novel, Simple Nutrition Screening Tool for Adult Oncology Inpatients and the Malnutrition Screening Tool (MST) against the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA)","volume":"23","author":"Shaw","year":"2015","journal-title":"Support Care Cancer"},{"key":"ref_54","first-page":"379","article-title":"NUTRIC Score Use around the World: A Systematic Review","volume":"31","author":"Fructhenicht","year":"2019","journal-title":"Rev. Bras. Ter. Intensiv."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"125","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01324362","article-title":"Clinical Validation of a Nutritional Risk Index","volume":"14","author":"Prendergast","year":"1989","journal-title":"J. Community Health"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1293","DOI":"10.1017\/S0007114520002366","article-title":"Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool Improves the Prediction of Malnutrition Risk Outcomes in Liver Cirrhosis Patients Compared with Nutritional Risk Screening 2002","volume":"124","author":"Wu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Br. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"156","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2017.10.009","article-title":"Comparing Assessment Tools for Detecting Undernutrition in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis","volume":"23","author":"McFarlane","year":"2018","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr. ESPEN"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ser\u00f3n-Arbeloa, C., Labarta-Monz\u00f3n, L., Puzo-Foncillas, J., Mallor-Bonet, T., Lafita-L\u00f3pez, A., Bueno-Vidales, N., and Montoro-Huguet, M. (2022). Malnutrition Screening and Assessment. Nutrients, 14.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202205.0071.v1"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2015.03.001","article-title":"Diagnostic Criteria for Malnutrition\u2014An ESPEN Consensus Statement","volume":"34","author":"Cederholm","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1044","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29003","article-title":"A Practical Approach to Nutritional Screening and Assessment in Cirrhosis","volume":"65","author":"Tandon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_61","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1735","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-015-4015-z","article-title":"The Royal Free Hospital-Nutritional Prioritizing Tool Is an Independent Predictor of Deterioration of Liver Function and Survival in Cirrhosis","volume":"61","author":"Borhofen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_62","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"683","DOI":"10.1177\/0884533615587537","article-title":"Validation of a Screening Tool to Identify Undernutrition in Ambulatory Patients with Liver Cirrhosis","volume":"30","author":"Booi","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutr. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_63","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1694","DOI":"10.4254\/wjh.v14.i9.1694","article-title":"Nutritional Assessment in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis","volume":"14","author":"Hasweh","year":"2022","journal-title":"World J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_64","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7307","DOI":"10.3402\/fnr.v55i0.7307","article-title":"Repeated 24-Hour Recalls versus Dietary Records for Estimating Nutrient Intakes in a National Food Consumption Survey","volume":"55","author":"Keyzer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Food Nutr. Res."},{"key":"ref_65","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"823","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21358","article-title":"Derivation and Validation of a New Global Method for Assessing Nutritional Status in Patients with Cirrhosis","volume":"44","author":"Morgan","year":"2006","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_66","first-page":"339","article-title":"Subjective Global Assessment: Alternative Nutrition-Assessment Technique for Liver-Transplant Candidates","volume":"9","author":"Hasse","year":"1993","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_67","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"248","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1399-0012.2010.01228.x","article-title":"Assessment of Nutritional Status of Patients Waiting for Liver Transplantation","volume":"25","author":"Ferreira","year":"2011","journal-title":"Clin. Transplant."},{"key":"ref_68","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12095","article-title":"Malnutrition and Sarcopenia Predict Post-Liver Transplantation Outcomes Independently of the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease Score","volume":"8","author":"Kalafateli","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"ref_69","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"166","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2011.08.028","article-title":"Muscle Wasting Is Associated with Mortality in Patients With Cirrhosis","volume":"10","author":"Prado","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_70","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.01.025","article-title":"Sarcopenia and Frailty in Decompensated Cirrhosis","volume":"75","author":"Tandon","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_71","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"625","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.24750","article-title":"A Multicenter Study to Define Sarcopenia in Patients with End-Stage Liver Disease","volume":"23","author":"Carey","year":"2017","journal-title":"Liver Transplant."},{"key":"ref_72","first-page":"1473","article-title":"A Model to Identify Sarcopenia in Patients With Cirrhosis","volume":"14","author":"Tandon","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol. Off. Clin. Pract. J. Am. Gastroenterol. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_73","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e16","DOI":"10.1055\/s-0043-103952","article-title":"EFSUMB Guidelines and Recommendations on the Clinical Use of Liver Ultrasound Elastography, Update 2017 (Long Version)","volume":"38","author":"Dietrich","year":"2017","journal-title":"Ultraschall Med."},{"key":"ref_74","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1755","DOI":"10.1007\/s40520-019-01139-0","article-title":"The Effect of Ageing on Shear Wave Elastography Muscle Stiffness in Adults","volume":"31","author":"Alfuraih","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aging Clin. Exp. Res."},{"key":"ref_75","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102080","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinre.2023.102080","article-title":"2D Shear Wave Elastography of the Rectus Femoris Muscle in Patients with Cirrhosis: Feasibility and Clinical Findings. A Pilot Study","volume":"47","author":"Becchetti","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Res. Hepatol. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_76","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06421.x","article-title":"Total Body Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry Is a Good Measure of Both Fat Mass and Fat-Free Mass in Liver Cirrhosis Compared to \u201cGold-Standard\u201d Techniques","volume":"904","author":"Strauss","year":"2000","journal-title":"Ann. N. Y. Acad. Sci."},{"key":"ref_77","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1089","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14071","article-title":"Use of Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry in Men with Advanced Cirrhosis to Predict Sarcopenia-Associated Mortality Risk","volume":"39","author":"Sinclair","year":"2019","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_78","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"309","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2014.12.015","article-title":"Malnutrition Assessed through Phase Angle and Its Relation to Prognosis in Patients with Compensated Liver Cirrhosis: A Prospective Cohort Study","volume":"47","author":"Torre","year":"2015","journal-title":"Dig. Liver Dis."},{"key":"ref_79","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"445","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(01)00521-4","article-title":"Nutrition and Survival in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis","volume":"17","author":"Alberino","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_80","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1908","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2019.08.006","article-title":"Prognostic Value of the Third Lumbar Skeletal Muscle Mass Index in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis and Ascites","volume":"39","author":"Yao","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_81","unstructured":"(2023, January 15). Sarcopenia: Revised European Consensus on Definition and Diagnosis|Age and Ageing|Oxford Academic. Available online: https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/ageing\/article\/48\/1\/16\/5126243."},{"key":"ref_82","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1480","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.25598","article-title":"Handgrip Strength Adds More Prognostic Value to the Model for End-Stage Liver Disease Score Than Imaging-Based Measures of Muscle Mass in Men with Cirrhosis","volume":"25","author":"Sinclair","year":"2019","journal-title":"Liver Transplant."},{"key":"ref_83","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"49","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnesp.2017.01.011","article-title":"Hand Grip Strength: A Reliable, Reproducible, Cost-Effective Tool to Assess the Nutritional Status and Outcomes of Cirrhotics Awaiting Liver Transplant","volume":"19","author":"Daphnee","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr. ESPEN"},{"key":"ref_84","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1692","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000001232","article-title":"A Comparison of Muscle Function, Mass, and Quality in Liver Transplant Candidates: Results from the Functional Assessment in Liver Transplantation Study","volume":"100","author":"Wang","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"ref_85","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"285","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12158","article-title":"A Comparative Study of Software Programmes for Cross-Sectional Skeletal Muscle and Adipose Tissue Measurements on Abdominal Computed Tomography Scans of Rectal Cancer Patients","volume":"8","author":"Levolger","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"ref_86","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"807","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.15161","article-title":"The Evolution and Impact of Sarcopenia Pre- and Post-Liver Transplantation","volume":"49","author":"Bhanji","year":"2019","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_87","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1816","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.30828","article-title":"A North American Expert Opinion Statement on Sarcopenia in Liver Transplantation","volume":"70","author":"Carey","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_88","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1151","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2014.02.026","article-title":"Prognostic Value of Muscle Atrophy in Cirrhosis Using Psoas Muscle Thickness on Computed Tomography","volume":"60","author":"Durand","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_89","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"527","DOI":"10.1002\/jcsm.12221","article-title":"Psoas as a Sentinel Muscle for Sarcopenia: A Flawed Premise","volume":"8","author":"Baracos","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Cachexia Sarcopenia Muscle"},{"key":"ref_90","unstructured":"(2023, January 15). Frailty Predicts Waitlist Mortality in Liver Transplant Candidates\u2014American Journal of Transplantation. Available online: https:\/\/www.amjtransplant.org\/article\/S1600-6135(22)25562-2\/fulltext."},{"key":"ref_91","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"M627","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/59.6.M627","article-title":"The Estimation of Relative Fitness and Frailty in Community-Dwelling Older Adults Using Self-Report Data","volume":"59","author":"Mitnitski","year":"2004","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. Ser. A"},{"key":"ref_92","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"984","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.15198","article-title":"Report from the American Society of Transplantation on Frailty in Solid Organ Transplantation","volume":"19","author":"Kobashigawa","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Transplant."},{"key":"ref_93","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kao, J., Reid, N., Hubbard, R.E., Homes, R., Hanjani, L.S., Pearson, E., Logan, B., King, S., Fox, S., and Gordon, E.H. (2022). Frailty and Solid-Organ Transplant Candidates: A Scoping Review. BMC Geriatr., 22.","DOI":"10.1186\/s12877-022-03485-7"},{"key":"ref_94","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1675","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2019.01.028","article-title":"Frailty Associated with Waitlist Mortality Independent of Ascites and Hepatic Encephalopathy in a Multicenter Study","volume":"156","author":"Lai","year":"2019","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_95","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1471","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32268","article-title":"Frailty, Mortality, and Health Care Utilization after Liver Transplantation: From the Multicenter Functional Assessment in Liver Transplantation (FrAILT) Study","volume":"75","author":"Lai","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_96","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Kaps, L., Lukac, L., Michel, M., Kremer, W., Hilscher, M., Gairing, S., Galle, P., Schattenberg, J., W\u00f6rns, M.-A., and Nagel, M. (2022). Liver Frailty Index for Prediction of Short-Term Rehospitalization in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis. Diagnostics, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/diagnostics12051069"},{"key":"ref_97","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"600","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.32157","article-title":"Frailty Is Associated with Increased Risk of Cirrhosis Disease Progression and Death","volume":"75","author":"Wang","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_98","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"626","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000001552","article-title":"Sarcopenia as Prognostic Factor for Survival after Orthotopic Liver Transplantation","volume":"32","author":"Kloeckner","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_99","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"797","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.21563","article-title":"The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD)","volume":"45","author":"Kamath","year":"2007","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_100","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S178","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2021.01.007","article-title":"Limitations of Current Liver Donor Allocation Systems and the Impact of Newer Indications for Liver Transplantation","volume":"75","author":"Burra","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_101","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1176","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12373","article-title":"Validation of the Five-Variable Model for End-Stage Liver Disease (5vMELD) for Prediction of Mortality on the Liver Transplant Waiting List","volume":"34","author":"Myers","year":"2014","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_102","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1887","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2021.08.050","article-title":"MELD 3.0: The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease Updated for the Modern Era","volume":"161","author":"Kim","year":"2021","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_103","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1007\/s11894-018-0656-3","article-title":"Should Sarcopenia Increase Priority for Transplant or Is It a Contraindication?","volume":"20","author":"Stirnimann","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Gastroenterol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_104","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e102","DOI":"10.1038\/ctg.2015.31","article-title":"Inclusion of Sarcopenia Within MELD (MELD-Sarcopenia) and the Prediction of Mortality in Patients with Cirrhosis","volume":"6","author":"Baracos","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Transl. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_105","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"564","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29219","article-title":"Development of a Novel Frailty Index to Predict Mortality in Patients with End\u2014Stage Liver Disease","volume":"66","author":"Lai","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_106","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"7","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.25386","article-title":"Sarcopenia and Frailty in the Prognosis of Patients on the Liver Transplant Waiting List","volume":"25","author":"Ebadi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Liver Transplant."},{"key":"ref_107","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1629","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.14889","article-title":"Sarco-Model: A Score to Predict the Dropout Risk in the Perspective of Organ Allocation in Patients Awaiting Liver Transplantation","volume":"41","author":"Lai","year":"2021","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_108","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1699","DOI":"10.1002\/hep4.1919","article-title":"Sarcopenia HIBA Score Predicts Sarcopenia and Mortality in Patients on the Liver Transplant Waiting List","volume":"6","author":"Mauro","year":"2022","journal-title":"Hepatol. Commun."},{"key":"ref_109","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e188","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000003222","article-title":"Cystatin C and Sarcopenia Predict Acute on Chronic Liver Failure Development and Mortality in Patients on the Liver Transplant Waiting List","volume":"104","author":"Mauro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"ref_110","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"978","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(02)00984-X","article-title":"Malnutrition Is a Risk Factor in Cirrhotic Patients Undergoing Surgery","volume":"18","author":"Merli","year":"2002","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_111","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jamcollsurg.2010.03.039","article-title":"Sarcopenia and Mortality after Liver Transplantation","volume":"211","author":"Englesbe","year":"2010","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Surg."},{"key":"ref_112","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1172","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.23724","article-title":"Muscle Mass Predicts Outcomes Following Liver Transplantation: Muscle Mass Predicts Outcomes After Transplantation","volume":"19","author":"Cruz","year":"2013","journal-title":"Liver Transplant."},{"key":"ref_113","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"623","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.25022","article-title":"Perioperative Loss of Psoas Muscle Is Associated with Patient Survival in Living Donor Liver Transplantation: Chae et Al","volume":"24","author":"Chae","year":"2018","journal-title":"Liver Transplant."},{"key":"ref_114","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"401","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.23811","article-title":"Sarcopenia Is a Prognostic Factor in Living Donor Liver Transplantation: Sarcopenia Is a Prognostic Factor in LDLT","volume":"20","author":"Masuda","year":"2014","journal-title":"Liver Transplant."},{"key":"ref_115","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1413","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.23970","article-title":"Impact of Quality as Well as Quantity of Skeletal Muscle on Outcomes after Liver Transplantation: Impact of Imac on Liver Transplantation","volume":"20","author":"Hamaguchi","year":"2014","journal-title":"Liver Transplant."},{"key":"ref_116","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"640","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.23863","article-title":"Severe Muscle Depletion Predicts Postoperative Length of Stay but Is Not Associated with Survival after Liver Transplantation: Sarcopenia After Liver Transplantation","volume":"20","author":"Baracos","year":"2014","journal-title":"Liver Transplant."},{"key":"ref_117","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1347","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200011150-00014","article-title":"Impact of Nutritional Status on Outcomes after Liver Transplantation1","volume":"70","author":"Figueiredo","year":"2000","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"ref_118","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2144","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2017.09.017","article-title":"Clinical Outcomes of Living Liver Transplantation According to the Presence of Sarcopenia as Defined by Skeletal Muscle Mass, Hand Grip, and Gait Speed","volume":"49","author":"Harimoto","year":"2017","journal-title":"Transplant. Proc."},{"key":"ref_119","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2312","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000002741","article-title":"Sarcopenia Predicts Post-Transplant Mortality in Acutely Ill Men Undergoing Urgent Evaluation and Liver Transplantation","volume":"103","author":"Kuo","year":"2019","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"ref_120","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"190","DOI":"10.1016\/S0973-6883(11)60237-5","article-title":"Nutritional Status and Liver Transplantation","volume":"1","author":"Merli","year":"2011","journal-title":"J. Clin. Exp. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_121","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"126","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1399-0012.1999.130111.x","article-title":"Increased Early Morbidity and Mortality with Acceptable Long-Term Function in Severely Obese Patients Undergoing Liver Transplantation: Liver Transplantation in Obese Patients","volume":"13","author":"Sawyer","year":"1999","journal-title":"J. Clin. Transplant."},{"key":"ref_122","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"105","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2002.30318","article-title":"Obesity and Its Effect on Survival in Patients Undergoing Orthotopic Liver Transplantation in the United States: Obesity and Its Effect on Survival in Patients Undergoing Orthotopic Liver Transplantation in the United States","volume":"35","author":"Nair","year":"2002","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_123","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"968","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.21785","article-title":"Liver Transplantation at the Extremes of the Body Mass Index: Liver Transplantation at the Extremes of BMI","volume":"15","author":"Dick","year":"2009","journal-title":"Liver Transplant."},{"key":"ref_124","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-2277.1997.tb00931.x","article-title":"A Prospective Study on the Effect of Recipient Nutritional Status on Outcome in Liver Transplantation","volume":"10","author":"Harrison","year":"1997","journal-title":"Transpl. Int."},{"key":"ref_125","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"652","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510250327","article-title":"Identification of High- and Low-Risk Patients before Liver Transplantation: A Prospective Cohort Study of Nutritional and Metabolic Parameters in 150 Patients","volume":"25","author":"Selberg","year":"1997","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_126","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"927","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-020-01711-w","article-title":"Clinical Impact of Sarcopenia Assessment in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Undergoing Treatments","volume":"55","author":"Marasco","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_127","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1451","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.24848","article-title":"Nutrition and the Transplant Candidate: Mazurak et Al","volume":"23","author":"Mazurak","year":"2017","journal-title":"Liver Transplant."},{"key":"ref_128","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Casciola, R., Leoni, L., Cuffari, B., Pecchini, M., Menozzi, R., Colecchia, A., and Ravaioli, F. (2023). Creatine Supplementation to Improve Sarcopenia in Chronic Liver Disease: Facts and Perspectives. Nutrients, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15040863"},{"key":"ref_129","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1252","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2013.04.008","article-title":"Negative Energy Balance Secondary to Inadequate Dietary Intake of Patients on the Waiting List for Liver Transplantation","volume":"29","author":"Ferreira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_130","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"530","DOI":"10.1177\/0884533614567716","article-title":"Insufficient Protein Intake Is Associated with Increased Mortality in 630 Patients With Cirrhosis Awaiting Liver Transplantation","volume":"30","author":"Ney","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nutr. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_131","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.12221","article-title":"Impact of Sarcopenia on Survival in Patients Undergoing Living Donor Liver Transplantation: Impact of Sarcopenia on Liver Transplantation","volume":"13","author":"Kaido","year":"2013","journal-title":"Am. J. Transplant."},{"key":"ref_132","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1364","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-200004150-00026","article-title":"A Prospective Randomized Study of Preoperative Nutritional Supplementation in Patients Awaiting Elective Orthotopic Liver Transplantation1","volume":"69","author":"McKiernan","year":"2000","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"ref_133","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"288","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2004.11.007","article-title":"Pre- and Postoperative Immunonutrition in Patients Undergoing Liver Transplantation: A Pilot Study of Safety and Efficacy","volume":"24","author":"Plank","year":"2005","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_134","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.27433","article-title":"Perioperative Immunonutrition in Patients Undergoing Liver Transplantation: A Randomized Double-Blind Trial","volume":"61","author":"Plank","year":"2015","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_135","first-page":"583","article-title":"Peri-Operative Immunonutrition in Patients Undergoing Liver Transplantation: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials","volume":"24","author":"Bs","year":"2015","journal-title":"Asia Pac. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_136","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1073","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.22324","article-title":"Beneficial Effects of Supplementation with Branched-Chain Amino Acids on Postoperative Bacteremia in Living Donor Liver Transplant Recipients: Branched-Chain Amino Acids in Liver Transplantation","volume":"17","author":"Shirabe","year":"2011","journal-title":"Liver Transplant."},{"key":"ref_137","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1104","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2012.02.007","article-title":"Pre- and Perioperative Factors Affecting Infection after Living Donor Liver Transplantation","volume":"28","author":"Kaido","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_138","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1530","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2017.04.021","article-title":"Effects of Continuous Use of Probiotics before Liver Transplantation: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial","volume":"36","author":"Wronka","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_139","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"498","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amjsurg.2010.02.013","article-title":"Perioperative Synbiotic Treatment to Prevent Infectious Complications in Patients after Elective Living Donor Liver Transplantation: A Prospective Randomized Study","volume":"201","author":"Eguchi","year":"2011","journal-title":"Am. J. Surg."},{"key":"ref_140","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3533","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2020.09.001","article-title":"ESPEN Practical Guideline: Clinical Nutrition in Liver Disease","volume":"39","author":"Bischoff","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_141","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"325","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.26370","article-title":"The Nutritional Management of Hepatic Encephalopathy in Patients with Cirrhosis: International Society for Hepatic Encephalopathy and Nitrogen Metabolism Consensus","volume":"58","author":"Amodio","year":"2013","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_142","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"430","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1746.2011.06951.x","article-title":"Late Evening Snack: Exploiting a Period of Anabolic Opportunity in Cirrhosis: Evening Snack for Cirrhotic Sarcopenia","volume":"27","author":"Tsien","year":"2012","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_143","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"557","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.22367","article-title":"Nocturnal Nutritional Supplementation Improves Total Body Protein Status of Patients with Liver Cirrhosis: A Randomized 12-Month Trial","volume":"48","author":"Plank","year":"2008","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_144","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10330","DOI":"10.3389\/ti.2022.10330","article-title":"Physical Effects, Safety and Feasibility of Prehabilitation in Patients Awaiting Orthotopic Liver Transplantation, a Systematic Review","volume":"35","author":"Jetten","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transpl. Int."},{"key":"ref_145","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000000245","article-title":"Personalized Adapted Physical Activity Before Liver Transplantation: Acceptability and Results","volume":"99","author":"Tabouret","year":"2015","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"ref_146","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1576","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.25616","article-title":"Exercise Training Is Safe and Feasible in Patients Awaiting Liver Transplantation: A Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial","volume":"25","author":"Wallen","year":"2019","journal-title":"Liver Transplant."},{"key":"ref_147","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Hammad, A., Kaido, T., Aliyev, V., Mandato, C., and Uemoto, S. (2017). Nutritional Therapy in Liver Transplantation. Nutrients, 9.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu9101126"},{"key":"ref_148","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Cerreto, M., Santopaolo, F., Gasbarrini, A., Pompili, M., and Ponziani, F. (2021). Bariatric Surgery and Liver Disease: General Considerations and Role of the Gut\u2013Liver Axis. Nutrients, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13082649"},{"key":"ref_149","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1111","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0b013e3282efa40e","article-title":"The Effect of Probiotics on Gut Flora, Level of Endotoxin and Child-Pugh Score in Cirrhotic Patients: Results of a Double-Blind Randomized Study","volume":"19","author":"Lata","year":"2007","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_150","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1067","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.ejcn.1602420","article-title":"Effect of Late Evening Snack with Rice Ball on Energy Metabolism in Liver Cirrhosis","volume":"60","author":"Nakamura","year":"2006","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_151","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"977","DOI":"10.1097\/00007890-199305000-00004","article-title":"Protein Synthesis and Gene Expression in Transplanted and Postischemic Livers","volume":"55","author":"Schiaffonati","year":"1993","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"ref_152","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3103","DOI":"10.1007\/s10620-013-2791-x","article-title":"Posttransplant Sarcopenia: An Underrecognized Early Consequence of Liver Transplantation","volume":"58","author":"Dasarathy","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dig. Dis. Sci."},{"key":"ref_153","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"195","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2016.07.002","article-title":"Effects of Pretransplant Sarcopenia and Sequential Changes in Sarcopenic Parameters after Living Donor Liver Transplantation","volume":"33","author":"Kaido","year":"2017","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_154","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.12506","article-title":"Liver Transplantation Arrests and Reverses Muscle Wasting","volume":"29","author":"Bergerson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Transpl."},{"key":"ref_155","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1250","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.12524","article-title":"Post-Liver Transplantation Sarcopenia in Cirrhosis: A Prospective Evaluation","volume":"29","author":"Tsien","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_156","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"381","DOI":"10.1097\/MCO.0000000000000491","article-title":"Nutrition, Dietary Intake, and Eating Behavior after Liver Transplantation","volume":"21","author":"Ferreira","year":"2018","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care"},{"key":"ref_157","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1251","DOI":"10.1038\/ejcn.2013.163","article-title":"Effect of a Carbohydrate-Containing Late-Evening Snack on Energy Metabolism and Fasting Substrate Utilization in Adults with Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure Due to Hepatitis B","volume":"67","author":"Hou","year":"2013","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_158","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"83","DOI":"10.1097\/00075197-200501000-00013","article-title":"Update on Nutritional Supplementation with Branched-Chain Amino Acids","volume":"8","author":"Bianchi","year":"2005","journal-title":"Curr. Opin. Clin. Nutr. Metab. Care"},{"key":"ref_159","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1075","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2013.12.021","article-title":"Management of Infections Pre- and Post-Liver Transplantation: Report of an AISF Consensus Conference","volume":"60","author":"Fagiuoli","year":"2014","journal-title":"J. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_160","first-page":"463","article-title":"Intensive Care Unit Outcomes Following Orthotopic Liver Transplantation: Single-Center Experience and Review of the Literature","volume":"40","author":"Damaskos","year":"2019","journal-title":"Il G. Di Chir.\/J. Ital. Surg. Assoc."},{"key":"ref_161","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"699","DOI":"10.1111\/hpb.12245","article-title":"Enhanced Recovery Following Liver Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"16","author":"Hughes","year":"2014","journal-title":"HPB"},{"key":"ref_162","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"55","DOI":"10.1007\/s40261-022-01141-x","article-title":"Nutrition and Chronic Liver Disease","volume":"42","year":"2022","journal-title":"Clin. Drug Investig."},{"key":"ref_163","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"380","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1440-1754.1991.tb00424.x","article-title":"Survival, Growth and Quality of Life in Children after Orthotopic Liver Transplantation: A 5 Year Experience","volume":"27","author":"Chin","year":"1991","journal-title":"J. Paediatr. Child Health"},{"key":"ref_164","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"552","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0000000000003808","article-title":"Guidelines for Perioperative Care for Liver Transplantation: Enhanced Recovery After Surgery (ERAS) Recommendations","volume":"106","author":"Brustia","year":"2022","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"ref_165","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"104596","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amsu.2022.104596","article-title":"A Review of the Current ERAS Guidelines for Liver Resection, Liver Transplantation and Pancreatoduodenectomy","volume":"82","author":"Bayramov","year":"2022","journal-title":"Ann. Med. Surg."},{"key":"ref_166","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"305","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2008-1040448","article-title":"Impact of Malnutrition and Its Therapy on Liver Transplantation","volume":"11","author":"Porayko","year":"1991","journal-title":"Semin. Liver Dis."},{"key":"ref_167","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1016\/0261-5614(94)90093-0","article-title":"Resting Energy Expenditure and Nutritional State in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis before and after Liver Transplantation","volume":"13","author":"Loyal","year":"1994","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_168","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.500030101","article-title":"Evolution of Cardiovascular Risk after Liver Transplantation: A Comparison of Cyclosporine A and Tacrolimus (FK506)","volume":"3","author":"Canzanello","year":"1997","journal-title":"Liver Transplant. Surg."},{"key":"ref_169","first-page":"403","article-title":"Changes in Energy Substrates in Relation to Arterial Ketone Body Ratio after Human Orthotopic Liver Transplantation","volume":"113","author":"Ozaki","year":"1993","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"ref_170","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1666","DOI":"10.1007\/s00268-012-1529-9","article-title":"Effects of Post-Transplant Enteral Nutrition with an Immunomodulating Diet Containing Hydrolyzed Whey Peptide after Liver Transplantation","volume":"36","author":"Kaido","year":"2012","journal-title":"World J. Surg."},{"key":"ref_171","first-page":"1522","article-title":"Impact of Enteral Nutrition Using a New Immuno-Modulating Diet after Liver Transplantation","volume":"57","author":"Kaido","year":"2010","journal-title":"Hepatogastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_172","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1309","DOI":"10.1001\/archsurg.134.12.1309","article-title":"Outcome and Cost-Effectiveness of Perioperative Enteral Immunonutrition in Patients Undergoing Elective Upper Gastrointestinal Tract Surgery: A Prospective Randomized Study","volume":"134","author":"Senkal","year":"1999","journal-title":"Arch. Surg."},{"key":"ref_173","first-page":"101681","article-title":"Immunosuppression in Liver Transplant","volume":"46","author":"Little","year":"2020","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_174","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"782","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2009.02590.x","article-title":"Outcome after Liver Transplantation for NASH Cirrhosis","volume":"9","author":"Malik","year":"2009","journal-title":"Am. J. Transplant."},{"key":"ref_175","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1281","DOI":"10.1271\/bbb.70.1281","article-title":"Hepatoprotective Effects of Whey Protein on D-Galactosamine-Induced Hepatitis and Liver Fibrosis in Rats","volume":"70","author":"Kume","year":"2006","journal-title":"Biosci. Biotechnol. Biochem."},{"key":"ref_176","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101762","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bpg.2021.101762","article-title":"Adverse Effects of Immunosuppression after Liver Transplantation","volume":"54","author":"Noble","year":"2021","journal-title":"Best Pract. Res. Clin. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_177","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e14316","DOI":"10.14814\/phy2.14316","article-title":"Tacrolimus-Induced Hypomagnesemia and Hypercalciuria Requires FKBP12 Suggesting a Role for Calcineurin","volume":"8","author":"Gratreak","year":"2020","journal-title":"Physiol. Rep."},{"key":"ref_178","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.2133\/dmpk.DMPK-11-RG-105","article-title":"Food-Drug Interaction of Tacrolimus with Pomelo, Ginger, and Turmeric Juice in Rats","volume":"27","author":"Egashira","year":"2012","journal-title":"Drug Metab. Pharmacokinet."},{"key":"ref_179","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"585","DOI":"10.1016\/S0899-9007(01)00571-8","article-title":"Reduction in Energy Expenditure after Liver Transplantation","volume":"17","author":"Richardson","year":"2001","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_180","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"461","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1432-2277.2004.00067.x","article-title":"Weight Gain and Obesity after Liver Transplantation","volume":"18","author":"Richards","year":"2005","journal-title":"Transpl. Int."},{"key":"ref_181","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e142","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eclnm.2011.02.003","article-title":"Improvement of Nutritional Status in Malnourished Cirrhotic Patients One Year after Liver Transplantation","volume":"6","author":"Merli","year":"2011","journal-title":"E-SPEN Eur. e-J. Clin. Nutr. Metab."},{"key":"ref_182","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"579","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e31829d924e","article-title":"Resting Energy Expenditure, Body Composition, and Dietary Intake: A Longitudinal Study before and after Liver Transplantation","volume":"96","author":"Ferreira","year":"2013","journal-title":"Transplantation"},{"key":"ref_183","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"833","DOI":"10.1016\/j.dld.2013.03.009","article-title":"Metabolic Syndrome after Liver Transplantation: Short-Term Prevalence and Pre- and Post-Operative Risk Factors","volume":"45","author":"Lunati","year":"2013","journal-title":"Dig. Liver Dis."},{"key":"ref_184","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"317","DOI":"10.21037\/hbsn.2017.01.12","article-title":"Changes in Dietary Patterns and Body Composition within 12 Months of Liver Transplantation","volume":"6","author":"McCoy","year":"2017","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary Surg. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_185","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1094","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12495","article-title":"Prospective Evaluation of Metabolic Syndrome and Its Components among Long-Term Liver Recipients","volume":"34","author":"Diniz","year":"2014","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_186","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1147","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2013.12.015","article-title":"Energy Expenditure and Balance among Long Term Liver Recipients","volume":"33","author":"Ribeiro","year":"2014","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_187","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"534","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/65.2.534","article-title":"Orthotopic Liver Transplantation Reverses the Adverse Nutritional Changes of End-Stage Liver Disease in Children","volume":"65","author":"Holt","year":"1997","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_188","first-page":"146","article-title":"Increased Protein Catabolism without Hypermetabolism after Human Orthotopic Liver Transplantation","volume":"101","author":"Shanbhogue","year":"1987","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"ref_189","first-page":"1480","article-title":"Hyperlipidemia and Obesity after Orthotopic Liver Transplantation","volume":"23","author":"Munoz","year":"1991","journal-title":"Transplant. Proc."},{"key":"ref_190","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"107","DOI":"10.1097\/MEG.0000000000000490","article-title":"Early Weight Changes after Liver Transplantation Significantly Impact Patient and Graft Survival","volume":"28","author":"Fortune","year":"2016","journal-title":"Eur. J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_191","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"378","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2011.07.019","article-title":"Weight Gain in Long-Term Survivors of Kidney or Liver Transplantation\u2014Another Paradigm of Sarcopenic Obesity?","volume":"28","author":"Hudjetz","year":"2012","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_192","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1177\/0884533613520619","article-title":"Sarcopenia in Solid Organ Transplantation","volume":"29","author":"Carey","year":"2014","journal-title":"Nutr. Clin. Pract."},{"key":"ref_193","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"271","DOI":"10.1007\/s00595-014-0842-3","article-title":"Perioperative Nutritional Therapy in Liver Transplantation","volume":"45","author":"Hammad","year":"2015","journal-title":"Surg. Today"},{"key":"ref_194","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"242","DOI":"10.7762\/cnr.2015.4.4.242","article-title":"Evaluation of Malnutrition Risk after Liver Transplantation Using the Nutritional Screening Tools","volume":"4","author":"Lim","year":"2015","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr. Res."},{"key":"ref_195","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"134","DOI":"10.3389\/fnmol.2017.00134","article-title":"Depression and Chronic Liver Diseases: Are There Shared Underlying Mechanisms?","volume":"10","author":"Huang","year":"2017","journal-title":"Front. Mol. Neurosci."},{"key":"ref_196","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2333","DOI":"10.1016\/j.transproceed.2016.06.031","article-title":"Anxiety and Stress Levels on Liver Transplantation Candidates","volume":"48","author":"Teixeira","year":"2016","journal-title":"Transplant. Proc."},{"key":"ref_197","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1111\/cob.12134","article-title":"Dietary Restraint: What\u2019s the Harm? A Review of the Relationship between Dietary Restraint, Weight Trajectory and the Development of Eating Pathology","volume":"6","author":"Schaumberg","year":"2016","journal-title":"Clin. Obes."},{"key":"ref_198","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eatbeh.2017.01.008","article-title":"Rigid Dietary Control, Flexible Dietary Control, and Intuitive Eating: Evidence for Their Differential Relationship to Disordered Eating and Body Image Concerns","volume":"26","author":"Linardon","year":"2017","journal-title":"Eat. Behav."},{"key":"ref_199","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijgfs.2016.11.005","article-title":"Anxiety, Disgust and Negative Emotions Influence Food Intake in Humans","volume":"7","author":"Randler","year":"2017","journal-title":"Int. J. Gastron. Food Sci."},{"key":"ref_200","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"5","DOI":"10.1080\/10640266.2018.1418264","article-title":"Restrictive Eating Is Associated with Emotion Regulation Difficulties in a Non-Clinical Sample","volume":"26","author":"Haynos","year":"2018","journal-title":"Eat. Disord."},{"key":"ref_201","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"214","DOI":"10.1080\/21642850.2017.1316667","article-title":"Affect Systems, Changes in Body Mass Index, Disordered Eating and Stress: An 18-Month Longitudinal Study in Women","volume":"5","author":"Kupeli","year":"2017","journal-title":"Health Psychol. Behav. Med."},{"key":"ref_202","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2016.02.034","article-title":"Emotional Eating as a Mediator between Depression and Weight Gain","volume":"100","author":"Konttinen","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"key":"ref_203","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"639","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appet.2016.09.011","article-title":"Relationship among Obesity, Depression, and Emotional Eating in Young Adults","volume":"107","author":"Lazarevich","year":"2016","journal-title":"Appetite"},{"key":"ref_204","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"693","DOI":"10.1111\/jhn.12661","article-title":"Eating Behaviour Patterns Are Associated with Excessive Weight Gain after Liver Transplantation","volume":"32","author":"Ferreira","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. Hum. Nutr. Diet."},{"key":"ref_205","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"335","DOI":"10.14218\/JCTH.2017.00023","article-title":"Clinical Food Addiction Is Not Associated with Development of Metabolic Complications in Liver Transplant Recipients","volume":"5","author":"Saab","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Transl. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_206","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"213","DOI":"10.1053\/jlts.2001.22184","article-title":"Physical Activity and Health-Related Quality of Life in Liver Transplant Recipients","volume":"7","author":"Painter","year":"2001","journal-title":"Liver Transplant."},{"key":"ref_207","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1097\/PHM.0000000000000599","article-title":"Effects of Exercise and Sport in Solid Organ Transplant Recipients: A Review","volume":"96","author":"Neale","year":"2017","journal-title":"Am. J. Phys. Med. Rehabil."},{"key":"ref_208","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"547","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2014.11.039","article-title":"Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis Is the Second Leading Etiology of Liver Disease Among Adults Awaiting Liver Transplantation in the United States","volume":"148","author":"Wong","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_209","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"42","DOI":"10.1111\/ajt.15674","article-title":"OPTN\/SRTR 2018 Annual Data Report: Liver","volume":"20","author":"Kwong","year":"2020","journal-title":"Am. J. Transplant."},{"key":"ref_210","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"6","DOI":"10.1016\/j.metabol.2018.09.005","article-title":"The Epidemiology of Obesity","volume":"92","author":"Chooi","year":"2019","journal-title":"Metabolism"},{"key":"ref_211","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2007.02100.x","article-title":"The Impact of Obesity on Long-Term Outcomes in Liver Transplant Recipients\u2014Results of the NIDDK Liver Transplant Database","volume":"8","author":"Leonard","year":"2008","journal-title":"Am. J. Transplant."},{"key":"ref_212","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"281","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.23818","article-title":"Additive Effect of Pretransplant Obesity, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors on Outcomes after Liver Transplantation: Obesity, Diabetes, and Cardiovascular Risk Factors","volume":"20","author":"Dare","year":"2014","journal-title":"Liver Transplant."},{"key":"ref_213","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"593","DOI":"10.1016\/S1072-7515(97)00109-9","article-title":"The Impact of Obesity on Surgical Outcomes: A Review","volume":"185","author":"Chobanmdfacs","year":"1997","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Surg."},{"key":"ref_214","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"236","DOI":"10.1111\/apt.14139","article-title":"Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis: Post-Operative Complications and Mortality Risk in Liver Transplant Candidates with Obesity","volume":"46","author":"Barone","year":"2017","journal-title":"Aliment. Pharmacol. Ther."},{"key":"ref_215","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"436","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cgh.2020.10.034","article-title":"AGA Clinical Practice Update on Bariatric Surgery in Cirrhosis: Expert Review","volume":"19","author":"Patton","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_216","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"812","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-017-2925-x","article-title":"Significant Liver-Related Morbidity After Bariatric Surgery and Its Reversal\u2014A Case Series","volume":"28","author":"Eilenberg","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_217","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1518","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-015-1727-2","article-title":"A Systematic Review of Bariatric Surgery in Patients with Liver Cirrhosis","volume":"25","author":"Jan","year":"2015","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_218","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"72","DOI":"10.1097\/SLA.0000000000003614","article-title":"Effect of Sleeve Gastrectomy on Ghrelin, GLP-1, PYY, and GIP Gut Hormones: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","volume":"272","author":"McCarty","year":"2020","journal-title":"Ann. Surg."},{"key":"ref_219","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"756","DOI":"10.1186\/s13063-021-05695-7","article-title":"Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Sleeve Gastroplasty versus Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Obese Subjects with Non-Alcoholic SteatoHepatitis (NASH): Study Protocol for a Randomized Controlled Trial (TESLA-NASH Study)","volume":"22","author":"Rivas","year":"2021","journal-title":"Trials"},{"key":"ref_220","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2942","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-021-08587-8","article-title":"Safety and Efficacy of Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy in Patients with Portal Hypertension with Liver Function of Childs A","volume":"36","author":"Mittal","year":"2022","journal-title":"Surg. Endosc."},{"key":"ref_221","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1381\/096089205774859164","article-title":"Laparoscopic Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass Is Safe and Feasible after Orthotopic Liver Transplantation","volume":"15","author":"Tichansky","year":"2005","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_222","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"113","DOI":"10.1007\/s12664-016-0643-2","article-title":"Intragastric Balloon as a Novel Modality for Weight Loss in Patients with Cirrhosis and Morbid Obesity Awaiting Liver Transplantation","volume":"35","author":"Choudhary","year":"2016","journal-title":"Indian J. Gastroenterol."},{"key":"ref_223","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1239","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.26074","article-title":"Efficacy and Safety of Endoscopic Balloon Placement for Weight Loss in Patients with Cirrhosis Awaiting Liver Transplantation","volume":"27","author":"Watt","year":"2021","journal-title":"Liver Transplant."},{"key":"ref_224","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"379","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2015.04.014","article-title":"Bariatric Surgery Reduces Features of Nonalcoholic Steatohepatitis in Morbidly Obese Patients","volume":"149","author":"Lassailly","year":"2015","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_225","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1280","DOI":"10.1002\/lt.25303","article-title":"Liver Transplantation and Bariatric Surgery: Timing and Outcomes: Liver Transplantation and Bariatric Surgery","volume":"24","author":"Diwan","year":"2018","journal-title":"Liver Transplant."},{"key":"ref_226","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"653","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2013.02.013","article-title":"Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy Is Safe and Efficacious for Pretransplant Candidates","volume":"9","author":"Lin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis."},{"key":"ref_227","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"159","DOI":"10.1016\/j.soard.2007.12.009","article-title":"Laparoscopic Bariatric Surgery Improves Candidacy in Morbidly Obese Patients Awaiting Transplantation","volume":"4","author":"Takata","year":"2008","journal-title":"Surg. Obes. Relat. Dis."},{"key":"ref_228","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"38","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijscr.2016.09.011","article-title":"Combined Liver Transplantation and Sleeve Gastrectomy for End-Stage Liver Disease in a Bariatric Patient: First European Case-Report","volume":"28","author":"Tariciotti","year":"2016","journal-title":"Int. J. Surg. Case Rep."},{"key":"ref_229","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"485","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.29848","article-title":"Long-Term Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Simultaneous Liver Transplantation and Sleeve Gastrectomy","volume":"68","author":"Watt","year":"2018","journal-title":"Hepatology"},{"key":"ref_230","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1387","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-017-2634-5","article-title":"Simultaneous Liver Transplantation and Sleeve Gastrectomy: Prohibitive Combination or a Necessity?","volume":"27","author":"Nesher","year":"2017","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_231","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1016","DOI":"10.1111\/jgh.13240","article-title":"Additive Impact of Pre-Liver Transplant Metabolic Factors on Survival Post-Liver Transplant: Pre-Liver Transplant Metabolic Factors","volume":"31","author":"Adams","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Gastroenterol. Hepatol."},{"key":"ref_232","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"81","DOI":"10.1007\/s00464-012-2410-5","article-title":"Safety and Feasibility of Sleeve Gastrectomy in Morbidly Obese Patients Following Liver Transplantation","volume":"27","author":"Lin","year":"2013","journal-title":"Surg. Endosc."},{"key":"ref_233","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"444","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-017-2847-7","article-title":"Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy for Morbid Obesity in Patients After Orthotopic Liver Transplant: A Matched Case-Control Study","volume":"28","author":"Tsamalaidze","year":"2018","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."},{"key":"ref_234","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e12975","DOI":"10.1111\/ctr.12975","article-title":"Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacogenetic Analysis of Immunosuppressive Agents after Laparoscopic Sleeve Gastrectomy","volume":"31","author":"Diwan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Clin. Transplant."},{"key":"ref_235","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"224","DOI":"10.1007\/s11695-022-06362-9","article-title":"Outcomes of Patients with Severe Obesity and Cirrhosis with Portal Hypertension Undergoing Bariatric Surgery: A Systematic Review","volume":"33","author":"Comas","year":"2023","journal-title":"Obes. Surg."}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/15\/12\/2778\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T19:56:40Z","timestamp":1760126200000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/15\/12\/2778"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]]},"references-count":235,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6]]}},"alternative-id":["nu15122778"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15122778","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6643","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,16]]}}}