{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T06:18:53Z","timestamp":1771481933227,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]],"date-time":"2023-06-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1687219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The utilization of noninvasive ventilation (NIV) in pediatric intensive care units (PICUs), to support children with respiratory failure and avoid endotracheal intubation, has increased. Current guidelines recommend initiating enteral nutrition (EN) within the first 24\u201348 h post admission. This practice remains variable among PICUs due to perceptions of a lack of safety data and the potential increase in respiratory and gastric complications. The objective of this retrospective study was to evaluate the association between EN and development of extraintestinal complications in children 0\u201318 years of age on NIV for acute respiratory failure. Of 332 patients supported with NIV, 249 (75%) were enterally fed within the first 48 h of admission. Respiratory complications occurred in 132 (40%) of the total cohort and predominantly in non-enterally fed patients (60\/83, 72% vs. 72\/249, 29%; p &lt; 0.01), and they occurred earlier during ICU admission (0 vs. 2 days; p &lt; 0.01). The majority of complications were changes in the fraction of inspired oxygen (220\/290, 76%). In the multivariate evaluation, children on bilevel positive airway pressure (BiPAP) (23\/132, 17% vs. 96\/200, 48%; odds ratio [OR] = 5.3; p &lt; 0.01), receiving a higher fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) (0.42 vs. 0.35; OR = 6; p = 0.03), and with lower oxygen saturation (SpO2) (91% vs. 97%; OR = 0.8; p &lt; 0.01) were more likely to develop a complication. Time to discharge from the intensive care unit (ICU) was longer for patients with complications (11 vs. 3 days; OR = 1.12; p &lt; 0.01). The large majority of patients requiring NIV can be enterally fed without an increase in respiratory complications after an initial period of ICU stabilization.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15122817","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,21]],"date-time":"2023-06-21T02:01:33Z","timestamp":1687312893000},"page":"2817","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["A Retrospective Study of Complications of Enteral Feeding in Critically Ill Children on Noninvasive Ventilation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5714-9357","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Montserrat","family":"Sierra-Colomina","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatric Critical Care, Toulouse Children\u2019s University Hospital, 31300 Toulouse, France"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nagam Anna","family":"Yehia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Farhan","family":"Mahmood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON K1H 8M5, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Parshuram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7562-549X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Haifa","family":"Mtaweh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Critical Care Medicine, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 1X8, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,6,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ibiebele, I., Algert, C.S., Bowen, J.R., and Roberts, C.L. 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