{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,25]],"date-time":"2026-08-25T13:31:42Z","timestamp":1787664702381,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,8]],"date-time":"2023-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688774400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The extent to which inflammation impacts food intake remains unclear, serving as a key risk factor for malnutrition as defined by the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM). To address this, we analyzed a large, merged dataset of geriatric hospitalized patients across Europe. The study included 1650 consecutive patients aged \u226565 year from Germany, Italy, Finland, Denmark, and Poland. Nutritional intake was assessed using the first item of the Mini Nutritional Assessment Short Form; C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were measured using standard procedures. In total (age 79.6 \u00b1 7.4 year, 1047 females), 23% exhibited moderate to severe inflammation, and 12% showed severe inflammation; 35% showed moderate reductions in food intake, and 28% were considered malnourished. Median CRP levels differed significantly between patients with severe, moderate, and no decrease in food intake. Among patients with a CRP level of 3.0\u20134.99 mg\/dL, 19% experienced a severe decrease in food intake, while 66% experienced moderate to severe decreases. Regression analysis revealed that inflammation was the most prominent risk factor for low food intake and malnutrition, surpassing other factors such as age, gender, infection, and comorbidity. A CRP level of \u22653.0 mg\/dL is associated with reduced food intake during last 3 months in two thirds of hospitalized geriatric patients and therefore indicative for a high risk of malnutrition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15143079","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,10]],"date-time":"2023-07-10T00:47:35Z","timestamp":1688950055000},"page":"3079","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Severity of Inflammation Is Associated with Food Intake in Hospitalized Geriatric Patients\u2014A Merged Data Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5486-0765","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maryam","family":"Pourhassan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-Universit\u00e4t Bochum, 44625 Herne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tommy","family":"Cederholm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism, Uppsala University, 75122 Uppsala, Sweden"},{"name":"Theme Inflammation & Aging, Karolinska University Hospital, 14186 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4692-4754","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lorenzo M.","family":"Donini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome \u201cSapienza\u201d, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Poggiogalle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Rome \u201cSapienza\u201d, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1838-7525","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ursula","family":"Schwab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, School of Medicine, University of Eastern Finland, 70210 Kuopio, Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2208-7349","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rikke Lundsgaard","family":"Nielsen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, ACUTE-CAG, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1449-1931","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aino Leegaard","family":"Andersen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Research, ACUTE-CAG, Copenhagen University Hospital, 2650 Hvidovre, Denmark"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8773-9649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylwia","family":"Ma\u0142gorzewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, Medical University of Gda\u0144sk, 80-210 Gda\u0144sk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dorothee","family":"Volkert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute for Biomedicine of Aging, Friedrich-Alexander-Universit\u00e4t Erlangen-N\u00fcrnberg, 90403 Nuremberg, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7265-0163","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rainer","family":"Wirth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Geriatric Medicine, Marien Hospital Herne, Ruhr-Universit\u00e4t Bochum, 44625 Herne, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"207","article-title":"Assessment and management of nutrition in older people and its importance to health","volume":"5","author":"Ahmed","year":"2010","journal-title":"Clin. 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