{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T19:55:19Z","timestamp":1790970919451,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":60,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1695945600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"American College of Sports Medicine Foundation","award":["GR-000000694"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GR-000000694"]}]},{"name":"American College of Sports Medicine Foundation","award":["#21-01399"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#21-01399"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Sleep disturbances are common during pregnancy. This study determined whether meeting physical activity or dietary guidelines during pregnancy was associated with improved sleep. Third trimester pregnant women (n = 49, 31.9 \u00b1 4.1 years) completed physical activity and sleep questionnaires and then wore a wrist actigraph 24 h\/day and completed three 24 h dietary recalls across two weeks. Participants who reported meeting physical activity guidelines (&gt;150 min moderate-to-vigorous physical activity [MVPA]\/week, n = 23) or dietary guidelines (\u22651.1 g protein\/kg body weight\/day, n = 26 or \u226525 g fiber\/day, n = 16) were compared to those who were physically inactive (&lt;90 min\/week) or did not meet dietary guidelines, respectively. Multivariate ANOVAs and Mann\u2013Whitney U tests compared groups and correlations were conducted between physical activity, diet, and sleep variables. Physical activity groups did not differ in objective sleep measures (ps &gt; 0.05); however, the active group reported better sleep quality (p = 0.049). Those who met protein guidelines exhibited longer sleep duration and less wake-after-sleep-onset (ps &lt; 0.05). Across all participants, higher weekly MET mins\/week of MVPA associated with better sleep quality (p = 0.02), and a diet higher in fat and lower in carbohydrates associated with longer sleep duration (ps &lt; 0.05). Meeting physical activity and nutrition guidelines positively associates with improved sleep, with protein associated with objective measures and physical activity with subjective measures.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15194213","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]],"date-time":"2023-09-29T07:42:08Z","timestamp":1695973328000},"page":"4213","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["The Role of Meeting Exercise and Nutrition Guidelines on Sleep during Pregnancy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Traci A.","family":"McCarthy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Exercise Science, School of Health Sciences, Stockton University, Galloway, NJ 08205, USA"},{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah M.","family":"Velez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1898-5499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer F.","family":"Buckman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea M.","family":"Spaeth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Kinesiology and Applied Physiology, School of Arts and Sciences, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"196","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2018.04.005","article-title":"Sleep in Women across the Life Span","volume":"154","author":"Pengo","year":"2018","journal-title":"Chest"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"251","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1992.tb00807.x","article-title":"Nocturnal low back pain in pregnancy: Polysomnographic correlates","volume":"28","author":"Fast","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am. J. Reprod. Immunol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1065","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000138427.83574.A6","article-title":"Restless legs syndrome and pregnancy","volume":"63","author":"Manconi","year":"2004","journal-title":"Neurology"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S104","DOI":"10.1002\/nau.24053","article-title":"Recommendations and future research initiative to optimize bladder management in pregnancy and childbirth International Consultation on Incontinence\u2014Research society 2018","volume":"38","author":"Rantell","year":"2019","journal-title":"Neurourol. Urodyn."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"483","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2014.12.006","article-title":"Sleep patterns and sleep disturbances across pregnancy","volume":"16","author":"Mindell","year":"2015","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"77","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0b013e3181c4f8ec","article-title":"Sleep disturbances in pregnancy","volume":"115","author":"Facco","year":"2010","journal-title":"Obstet. Gynecol."},{"key":"ref_7","unstructured":"Balserak, B.I., and Louise, B.B. (2022). Principles and Practice of Sleep Medicine, Elsevier, Inc.. [7th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"66","DOI":"10.1007\/s11920-016-0705-2","article-title":"Disturbed Sleep and Postpartum Depression","volume":"18","author":"Okun","year":"2016","journal-title":"Curr. Psychiatry Rep."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"350","DOI":"10.3109\/14767058.2014.916682","article-title":"Maternal sleep duration and complaints of vital exhaustion during pregnancy is associated with placental abruption","volume":"28","author":"Qiu","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"733","DOI":"10.1080\/14767058.2016.1183637","article-title":"Sleep disturbances during pregnancy are associated with cesarean delivery and preterm birth","volume":"30","author":"Li","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Matern. Fetal Neonatal Med."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"295","DOI":"10.1002\/oby.22364","article-title":"Influence of Sleep Duration on Postpartum Weight Change in Black and Hispanic Women","volume":"27","author":"Herring","year":"2019","journal-title":"Obesity"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"106","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3016.2003.00542.x","article-title":"Prescriptions for contraindicated category X drugs in pregnancy among women enrolled in TennCare","volume":"18","author":"Cooper","year":"2004","journal-title":"Paediatr. Perinat. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"207","DOI":"10.1007\/s00228-009-0744-2","article-title":"Perception of risk regarding the use of medications and other exposures during pregnancy","volume":"66","author":"Nordeng","year":"2010","journal-title":"Eur. J. Clin. Pharmacol."},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"101234","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2019.101234","article-title":"Interventions for sleep problems during pregnancy: A systematic review","volume":"50","author":"Bacaro","year":"2020","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Rev."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"503","DOI":"10.1016\/j.amepre.2019.05.009","article-title":"Efficacy of an m-Health Physical Activity and Sleep Health Intervention for Adults: A Randomized Waitlist-Controlled Trial","volume":"57","author":"Murawski","year":"2019","journal-title":"Am. J. Prev. Med."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"von Ash, T., Sanapo, L., Bublitz, M.H., Bourjeily, G., Salisbury, A., Petrillo, S., and Risica, P.M. (2023). A Systematic Review of Studies Examining Associations between Sleep Characteristics with Dietary Intake and Eating Behaviors during Pregnancy. Nutrients, 15.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15092166"},{"key":"ref_17","first-page":"159","article-title":"The effects of exercise on sleep during pregnancy: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"47","author":"McCarthy","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Women\u2019s Pelvic Health Phys. Ther."},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e51","DOI":"10.1016\/j.wombi.2017.06.018","article-title":"The influence of physical activity in water on sleep quality in pregnant women: A randomised trial","volume":"31","year":"2018","journal-title":"Women Birth"},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"431","DOI":"10.2147\/NSS.S253213","article-title":"A Longitudinal Study of Physical Activity to Improve Sleep Quality During Pregnancy","volume":"12","author":"Tan","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat. Sci. Sleep"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (2015). ACOG Committee Opinion No. 650: Physical Activity and Exercise during Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period. Obstet. Gynecol., 126, e135\u2013e142.","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000001214"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"ACOG Committee (2020). Physical Activity and Exercise During Pregnancy and the Postpartum Period: ACOG Committee Opinion Summary, Number 804. Obstet. Gynecol., 135, 991\u2013993.","DOI":"10.1097\/AOG.0000000000003773"},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"89","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.04.028","article-title":"Sleep and physical activity from before conception to the end of pregnancy in healthy women: A longitudinal actigraphy study","volume":"83","author":"Vietheer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"938","DOI":"10.3945\/an.116.012336","article-title":"Effects of Diet on Sleep Quality","volume":"7","author":"Mikic","year":"2016","journal-title":"Adv. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"832341","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2022.832341","article-title":"Association Between Dietary Protein Intake and Sleep Quality in Middle-Aged and Older Adults in Singapore","volume":"9","author":"Sutanto","year":"2022","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Binks, H., Vincent, G.E., Gupta, C., Irwin, C., and Khalesi, S. (2020). Effects of Diet on Sleep: A Narrative Review. Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12040936"},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"zsw018","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/zsw018","article-title":"Objective Measurements of Energy Balance Are Associated With Sleep Architecture in Healthy Adults","volume":"40","author":"Spaeth","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"497","DOI":"10.1177\/0193945911416379","article-title":"Nutritional effects on sleep","volume":"35","author":"Lindseth","year":"2013","journal-title":"West. J. Nurs. Res."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"180","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2009.07.014","article-title":"Relationships among dietary nutrients and subjective sleep, objective sleep, and napping in women","volume":"11","author":"Grandner","year":"2010","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"11","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2020.12.040","article-title":"Maternal sleep quality during early pregnancy, risk factors and its impact on pregnancy outcomes: A prospective cohort study","volume":"79","author":"Du","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1016\/j.midw.2019.07.019","article-title":"Monounsaturated fat intake is associated with improved sleep quality in pregnancy","volume":"78","author":"Bennett","year":"2019","journal-title":"Midwifery"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Flor-Alemany, M., Nestares, T., Alemany-Arrebola, I., Marin-Jimenez, N., Borges-Cosic, M., and Aparicio, V.A. (2020). Influence of Dietary Habits and Mediterranean Diet Adherence on Sleep Quality during Pregnancy. The GESTAFIT Project. Nutrients, 12.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu12113569"},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"van Lee, L., Chia, A.R., Loy, S.L., Colega, M., Tham, E.K.H., Cai, S., Yap, F., Godfrey, K.M., Teoh, O.H., and Goh, D. (2017). Sleep and Dietary Patterns in Pregnancy: Findings from the GUSTO Cohort. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 14.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph14111409"},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Duke, C., Williamson, J., Snook, K., Finch, K., and Sullivan, K. (2017). Association Between Fruit and Vegetable Consumption and Sleep Quantity in Pregnant Women, Springer Nature.","DOI":"10.1007\/s10995-016-2247-y"},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1199","DOI":"10.1016\/j.mcna.2016.06.004","article-title":"Nutrition Recommendations in Pregnancy and Lactation","volume":"100","author":"Kominiarek","year":"2016","journal-title":"Med. Clin. N. Am."},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2791","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2021.03.041","article-title":"Relevance of dietary glycemic index, glycemic load and fiber intake before and during pregnancy for the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus and maternal glucose homeostasis","volume":"40","author":"Zhang","year":"2021","journal-title":"Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Pretorius, R.A., and Palmer, D.J. (2020). High-Fiber Diet during Pregnancy Characterized by More Fruit and Vegetable Consumption. Nutrients, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13010035"},{"key":"ref_37","unstructured":"Riebe, D., Ehrman, J.K., Liguori, G., and Magal, M. (2018). ACSM\u2019s Guidelines for Exercise Testing and Prescription, Wolters Kluwer. [10th ed.]."},{"key":"ref_38","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1334","DOI":"10.1249\/MSS.0b013e318213fefb","article-title":"American College of Sports Medicine position stand. Quantity and quality of exercise for developing and maintaining cardiorespiratory, musculoskeletal, and neuromotor fitness in apparently healthy adults: Guidance for prescribing exercise","volume":"43","author":"Garber","year":"2011","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Sports Exerc."},{"key":"ref_39","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1780","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)32229-7","article-title":"Physical activity guidelines 2020: Comprehensive and inclusive recommendations to activate populations","volume":"396","author":"Ding","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_40","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1750","DOI":"10.1249\/01.MSS.0000142303.49306.0D","article-title":"Development and validation of a Pregnancy Physical Activity Questionnaire","volume":"36","author":"Schmidt","year":"2004","journal-title":"Med. Sci. Sports Exerc."},{"key":"ref_41","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"36","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2011.04.005","article-title":"Validation of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale in older black and white women","volume":"13","author":"Beaudreau","year":"2012","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_42","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"233","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.114.083238","article-title":"Performance of the Automated Self-Administered 24-hour Recall relative to a measure of true intakes and to an interviewer-administered 24-h recall","volume":"100","author":"Kirkpatrick","year":"2014","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_43","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1479-8425.2006.00207.x","article-title":"Criterion validity of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: Investigation in a non-clinical sample","volume":"4","author":"Grandner","year":"2006","journal-title":"Sleep Biol. Rhythm."},{"key":"ref_44","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"39","DOI":"10.5664\/jcsm.6384","article-title":"Reliability of Actigraphy and Subjective Sleep Measurements in Adults: The Design of Sleep Assessments","volume":"13","author":"Aili","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. Clin. Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_45","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"577","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2004.06.007","article-title":"An alternative measure of sleep fragmentation in clinical practice: The sleep fragmentation index","volume":"5","author":"Ibanez","year":"2004","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_46","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"793","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2011.03.011","article-title":"A comparison of actigraphy scoring rules used in pediatric research","volume":"12","author":"Meltzer","year":"2011","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_47","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"970","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwu467","article-title":"Comparison of Interviewer-Administered and Automated Self-Administered 24-Hour Dietary Recalls in 3 Diverse Integrated Health Systems","volume":"181","author":"Thompson","year":"2015","journal-title":"Am. J. Epidemiol."},{"key":"ref_48","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Broberg, L., Damm, P., Frokjaer, V.G., Rosth\u00f8j, S., de Wolff, M.G., H\u00f8gh, S., Tabor, A., and Hegaard, H.K. (2022). Evaluation of the Effect of Supervised Group Exercise on Self-Reported Sleep Quality in Pregnant Women with or at High Risk of Depression: A Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 19.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph19105954"},{"key":"ref_49","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"102671","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ctim.2021.102671","article-title":"Effects of non-supervised aerobic exercise on sleep quality and maternal-fetal attachment in pregnant women: A randomized controlled trial","volume":"57","author":"Shen","year":"2021","journal-title":"Complement. Ther. Med."},{"key":"ref_50","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1368","DOI":"10.1080\/17461391.2020.1716855","article-title":"Cardiorespiratory fitness, sleep, and physiological responses to stress in women","volume":"20","author":"Crowley","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Sport Sci."},{"key":"ref_51","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"205","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleep.2021.05.013","article-title":"Effect of exercise training on improving sleep disturbances: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized control trials","volume":"84","author":"Amiri","year":"2021","journal-title":"Sleep Med."},{"key":"ref_52","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"68","DOI":"10.3109\/0167482X.2016.1155552","article-title":"Muscle strengthening exercises during pregnancy are associated with increased energy and reduced fatigue","volume":"37","author":"Poudevigne","year":"2016","journal-title":"J. Psychosom. Obstet. Gynaecol."},{"key":"ref_53","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"327","DOI":"10.1097\/PSY.0000000000000559","article-title":"Effects of Resistance Training on Fatigue-Related Domains of Quality of Life and Mood During Pregnancy: A Randomized Trial in Pregnant Women With Increased Risk of Back Pain","volume":"80","author":"Poudevigne","year":"2018","journal-title":"Psychosom. Med."},{"key":"ref_54","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"333","DOI":"10.1093\/nutrit\/nuac061","article-title":"Protein intake and its effect on sleep outcomes: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trialswirth","volume":"81","author":"Wirth","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutr. Rev."},{"key":"ref_55","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suzuki, F., Morita, E., Miyagi, S., Tsujiguchi, H., Hara, A., Nguyen, T.T.T., Shimizu, Y., Hayashi, K., Suzuki, K., and Kannon, T. (2021). Protein intake in inhabitants with regular exercise is associated with sleep quality: Results of the Shika study. PLoS ONE, 16.","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0247926"},{"key":"ref_56","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"283","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsmc.2018.04.002","article-title":"Menstrual Cycle Effects on Sleep","volume":"13","author":"Baker","year":"2018","journal-title":"Sleep Med. Clin."},{"key":"ref_57","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"667","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/26.6.667","article-title":"Objective and subjective sleep quality in premenopausal, perimenopausal, and postmenopausal women in the Wisconsin Sleep Cohort Study","volume":"26","author":"Young","year":"2003","journal-title":"Sleep"},{"key":"ref_58","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"479","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sleh.2019.04.003","article-title":"Physical activity and sleep quality and duration among Hispanic postpartum women at risk for type 2 diabetes: Estudio PARTO","volume":"5","author":"Hawkins","year":"2019","journal-title":"Sleep Health"},{"key":"ref_59","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"892","DOI":"10.1093\/abm\/kaaa118","article-title":"The Impact of a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Lifestyle Intervention on Sleep Among Latina Postpartum Women","volume":"55","author":"Hawkins","year":"2021","journal-title":"Ann. Behav. Med."},{"key":"ref_60","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"634","DOI":"10.1080\/15402002.2018.1435547","article-title":"Individual Correlates of Sleep Among Childbearing Age Women in Canada","volume":"17","author":"Lebel","year":"2019","journal-title":"Behav. Sleep Med."}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/15\/19\/4213\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T21:01:56Z","timestamp":1760130116000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/15\/19\/4213"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]]},"references-count":60,"journal-issue":{"issue":"19","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10]]}},"alternative-id":["nu15194213"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu15194213","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6643","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,29]]}}}