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However, the association between serum uric acid (sUA) levels and NCDs is complicated in patients with SDB. We aimed to clarify this issue utilizing large-scale epidemiological data. This community-based study included 9850 inhabitants. SDB and its severity were assessed by a 3% oxygen desaturation index (3% ODI) corrected for sleep duration using wrist actigraphy. The associations between sUA and moderate to severe SDB (MS-SDB) and sUA and NCDs in patients with MS-SDB were analyzed. A total of 7895 subjects were eligible. In females, the prevalence of MS-SDB increased according to an elevation in sUA levels even after adjusting for confounders, and sUA \u2265 5 mg\/dL was the threshold. These were not found in males. There was a positive interaction between sUA \u2265 5 mg\/dL and female sex for MS-SDB. In females with MS-SDB, the prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) increased according to an elevation in sUA levels, and those with sUA \u2265 5 mg\/dL showed a higher prevalence of DM than their counterparts. There is a clear correlation between sUA levels and the severity of SDB, and elevated sUA poses a risk for DM in females with MS-SDB.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15194237","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,2]],"date-time":"2023-10-02T04:28:08Z","timestamp":1696220888000},"page":"4237","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Associations between Sleep-Disordered Breathing and Serum Uric Acid and Their Sex Differences: The Nagahama Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Hironobu","family":"Sunadome","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kimihiko","family":"Murase","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control 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Advanced Medicine for Respiratory Failure, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiminobu","family":"Tanizawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jumpei","family":"Togawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Respiratory Care and Sleep Control Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sayaka","family":"Uiji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nursing Science, Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, 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Medicine and Respiratory Care, Division of Sleep Medicine, Nihon University of Medicine, Tokyo 173-8610, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"17","article-title":"Obstructive sleep apnea and depression: A review","volume":"8","author":"Ejaz","year":"2011","journal-title":"Innov. 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