{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,28]],"date-time":"2026-08-28T02:05:45Z","timestamp":1787882745182,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1696896000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korea University Ansan Hospital","award":["O2000351"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["O2000351"]}]},{"name":"Korea University Ansan Hospital","award":["NRF-2020R1F1A1071620"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2020R1F1A1071620"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["O2000351"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["O2000351"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003725","name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["NRF-2020R1F1A1071620"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["NRF-2020R1F1A1071620"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003725","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>A prospective cohort study was conducted to evaluate the effect of vitamin D deficiency on sepsis. A total of 129 patients were enrolled. The median age was 74 years old, with a median SOFA score of 7; septic shock was observed in 60 patients. The median vitamin D level in the overall population was 13 ng\/mL. A total of 96 patients had vitamin D deficiency, whereas 62 patients were described to have severe vitamin D deficiency. Severe vitamin D deficiency significantly increased the 14-day mortality (adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 2.57; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.03\u20136.43; p = 0.043), 28-day mortality (aHR 2.28; 95% CI: 1.17\u20134.45; p = 0.016), and in-hospital mortality (aHR 2.11; 95% CI: 1.02\u20134.36; p = 0.044). In Kaplan\u2013Meier analysis, the severe vitamin D deficiency group had significantly higher 14-day and 28-day mortality rates compared with the non-deficient group. Evaluating the vitamin D levels in sepsis patients may become necessary in an aging society. Severe vitamin D deficiency can independently affect poor prognosis related to sepsis. Further studies are needed to evaluate whether vitamin D supplementation in sepsis patients with vitamin D deficiency can help improve the prognosis of sepsis in addition to improving bone mineral metabolism.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15204309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]],"date-time":"2023-10-10T03:24:55Z","timestamp":1696908295000},"page":"4309","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Effects of Vitamin D Deficiency on Sepsis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2032-9538","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hyeri","family":"Seok","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan 15355, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jooyun","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan 15355, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Won Suk","family":"Choi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan 15355, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dae Won","family":"Park","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Korea University Ansan Hospital, Korea University College of Medicine, Ansan 15355, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"801","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2016.0287","article-title":"The third international consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (sepsis-3)","volume":"315","author":"Singer","year":"2016","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"129","DOI":"10.1016\/j.it.2012.09.004","article-title":"The inflammatory response in sepsis","volume":"34","author":"Bosmann","year":"2013","journal-title":"Trends Immunol."},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"200","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(19)32989-7","article-title":"Global, regional, and national sepsis incidence and mortality, 1990\u20132017: Analysis for the global burden of disease study","volume":"395","author":"Rudd","year":"2020","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19","DOI":"10.1186\/s13054-021-03883-0","article-title":"Time-to-antibiotics and clinical outcomes in patients with sepsis and septic shock: A prospective nationwide multicenter cohort study","volume":"26","author":"Im","year":"2022","journal-title":"Crit. 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