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The main aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between circulating selenium concentrations and the risk of developing undernutrition in older adults. Methods: This was a cohort study with 1398 well-nourished community-dwelling individuals aged \u2265 65 years residing in Spain in 2017, who were followed for a mean of 2.3 years. Whole blood selenium was measured at baseline using inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry. Undernutrition was assessed at baseline and at follow-up, and defined as having at least one of the three GLIM phenotypic criteria (involuntary weight loss, a low body mass index, and a reduced muscle mass) and at least one of the two etiologic criteria (reduced food consumption or nutrient assimilation and inflammation\/disease burden). Results: During the follow-up, 142 participants (11%) developed moderate undernutrition and 113 (8.8%) severe undernutrition. The standardized relative risks of moderate and severe undernutrition at the 75th percentile of Se levels versus the 25th were 0.90 and 0.70, respectively. In dose\u2013response analyses, the risk of severe undernutrition decreased linearly with increasing selenium concentrations. This association was independent of protein intake or diet quality and was stronger among participants with a diagnosis of a musculoskeletal disorder. Conclusions: The results suggest that an adequate dietary selenium status is needed to prevent undernutrition in older adults. Also, this may open the door for clinical trials with selenium supplementation, at doses considered as safe, to prevent undernutrition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15224750","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,13]],"date-time":"2023-11-13T02:30:29Z","timestamp":1699842629000},"page":"4750","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Blood Selenium Concentrations Are Inversely Associated with the Risk of Undernutrition in Older Adults"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8688-5174","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Esther","family":"Garc\u00eda-Esquinas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica\u2014CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9401-9869","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adri\u00e1n","family":"Carballo-Casla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica\u2014CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Aging Research Center, Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society Karolinska Institutet & Stockholm University, 141 86 Stockholm, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6952-9533","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rosario","family":"Ortol\u00e1","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica\u2014CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9127-2586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mercedes","family":"Sotos-Prieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica\u2014CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Environmental Health, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA 02115, USA"},{"name":"IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Olmedo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Legal Medicine, Toxicology, and Physical Anthropology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Legal Medicine, Toxicology, and Physical Anthropology, School of Medicine, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9388-8744","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Plans-Beriso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pablo","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Navarro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica\u2014CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Pastor-Barriuso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Chronic Diseases, National Center for Epidemiology, Carlos III Institute of Health, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica\u2014CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9317-5755","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fernando","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-Artalejo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Consortium for Biomedical Research in Epidemiology & Public Health (CIBER en Epidemiolog\u00eda y Salud P\u00fablica\u2014CIBERESP), 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Aut\u00f3noma de Madrid, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, 28049 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"80","DOI":"10.1016\/j.maturitas.2019.05.006","article-title":"Prevalence of protein-energy malnutrition risk in European older adults in community, residential and hospital settings, according to 22 malnutrition screening tools validated for use in adults \u2265 65 years: A systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"126","author":"Verwijs","year":"2019","journal-title":"Maturitas"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Norman, K., Ha\u00df, U., and Pirlich, M. 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