{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,18]],"date-time":"2026-06-18T00:19:07Z","timestamp":1781741947228,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1700179200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Isagenix (Asia Pacific) Australia Pty Ltd.,","award":["ICG UA194450"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ICG UA194450"]}]},{"name":"CSIRO Innovations connections grant","award":["ICG UA194450"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ICG UA194450"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Unripe avocados (Persea americana) are naturally enriched in mannoheptulose (MH), which is a candidate caloric restriction mimetic. Objectives: To evaluate the effects of a diet supplement made from unripe avocado on glucose tolerance, and cardiometabolic risk factors in free-living nondiabetic adults with obesity. Methods: In a double-blinded, randomised controlled trial, 60 adults (female n = 47, age 48 \u00b1 13 years, BMI 34.0 \u00b1 2.6 kg\/m2) were stratified by sex and randomised to avocado extract (AvX, 10 g finely ground, freeze-dried unripe avocado) or placebo (10 g finely ground cornmeal plus 5% spinach powder) daily, for 12 weeks. The primary outcome was a change in glucose area under the curve (AUC) in response to a 75 g oral glucose tolerance test. A post-hoc analysis was subsequently performed in a subgroup with insulin AUC above the median of baseline values after removal of participants &gt;2 SD from the mean. Results: There were no between-group differences in glucose AUC (p = 0.678), insulin AUC (p = 0.091), or cardiovascular outcomes. In the subgroup analysis, insulin AUC was lower in AxV versus placebo (p = 0.024). Conclusions: Daily consumption of unripe avocado extract enriched in MH did not alter glucose tolerance or insulin sensitivity in nondiabetic adults with obesity, but the data provided preliminary evidence for a benefit in insulin AUC in a subgroup of participants with elevated baseline postprandial insulin levels.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15224812","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]],"date-time":"2023-11-17T09:23:43Z","timestamp":1700213023000},"page":"4812","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Effects of an Unripe Avocado Extract on Glycaemic Control in Individuals with Obesity: A Double-Blinded, Parallel, Randomised Clinical Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6134-5235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lijun","family":"Zhao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia"},{"name":"Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Donald K.","family":"Ingram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70808, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6034-3484","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eric","family":"Gumpricht","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Isagenix International LLC, Gilbert, AZ 85297, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Trent","family":"De Paoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"De Paoli Farms, Bundaberg, QLD 4670, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1387-0975","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiao Tong","family":"Teong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia"},{"name":"Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bo","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia"},{"name":"Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5264-9229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Trevor A.","family":"Mori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Discipline of Internal Medicine, Medical School, University of Western Australia, Perth, WA 6000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leonie K.","family":"Heilbronn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Adelaide Medical School, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, SA 5005, Australia"},{"name":"Lifelong Health Theme, South Australian Health and Medical Research Institute, Adelaide, SA 5000, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"George S.","family":"Roth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Prolongevity Technologies LLC, Pylesville, MD 21132, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S3","DOI":"10.1002\/2327-6924.12510","article-title":"Obesity: Risk factors, complications, and strategies for sustainable long-term weight management","volume":"29","author":"Fruh","year":"2017","journal-title":"J. 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