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The aim of this study was to assess dietary intake and to identify possible associations with the composition of faecal microbiota in a cohort of children with CF. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted, including a 3-day food record simultaneously with the collection of faecal samples. The results showed a high fat intake (43.9% of total energy intake) and a mean dietary fibre intake of 10.6 g\/day. The faecal microbiota was characterised at the phylum level as 54.5% Firmicutes and revealed an altered proportion between Proteobacteria (32%) and Bacteroidota (2.2%). Significant associations were found, including a negative association between protein, meat, and fish intake and Bifidobacterium, a positive association between lipids and Escherichia\/Shigella and Streptococcus, a negative association between carbohydrates and Veillonella and Klebsiella, and a positive association between total dietary fibre and Bacteroides and Roseburia. The results reveal that a \u201chigh-fat, high-energy\u201d diet does not satisfy dietary fibre intake from healthy food sources in children with CF. Further interventional studies are encouraged to explore the potential of shifting to a high-fibre or standard healthy diet to improve colonic microbiota.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15245013","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,5]],"date-time":"2023-12-05T02:55:32Z","timestamp":1701744932000},"page":"5013","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Association between Dietary Intake and Faecal Microbiota in Children with Cystic Fibrosis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7692-9161","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jazm\u00edn","family":"Viteri-Echeverr\u00eda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Food Engineering (FoodUPV), Polytechnic University of Valencia, Camino de Vera s\/n, 46022 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joaquim","family":"Calvo-Lerma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Food Engineering (FoodUPV), Polytechnic University of Valencia, Camino de Vera s\/n, 46022 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"},{"name":"Joint Research Unit NutriCuraPDig, Avda. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Miguel","family":"Ferriz-Jord\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Food Engineering (FoodUPV), Polytechnic University of Valencia, Camino de Vera s\/n, 46022 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Garriga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cystic Fibrosis Unit, University Hospital Ram\u00f3n y Cajal, M-607, 9, 100, 28034 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1258-6128","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jorge","family":"Garc\u00eda-Hern\u00e1ndez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Food Microbiology Centre (CAMA), University of Valencia, Camino de Vera s\/n, 46022 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana","family":"Heredia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Food Engineering (FoodUPV), Polytechnic University of Valencia, Camino de Vera s\/n, 46022 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"},{"name":"Joint Research Unit NutriCuraPDig, Avda. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Ribes-Koninckx","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Health Research Institute La Fe, Celiac Disease and Digestive Immunopathology Unit, Hospital Universitari i Polit\u00e8cnic La Fe, 46026 Valencia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6132-3167","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Andr\u00e9s","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Food Engineering (FoodUPV), Polytechnic University of Valencia, Camino de Vera s\/n, 46022 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"},{"name":"Joint Research Unit NutriCuraPDig, Avda. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Andrea","family":"Asensio-Grau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Institute of Food Engineering (FoodUPV), Polytechnic University of Valencia, Camino de Vera s\/n, 46022 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"},{"name":"Joint Research Unit NutriCuraPDig, Avda. Fernando Abril Martorell 106, 46026 Val\u00e8ncia, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mariotti Zani, E., Grandinetti, R., Cunico, D., Torelli, L., Fainardi, V., Pisi, G., and Esposito, S. (2023). Nutritional Care in Children with Cystic Fibrosis. 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