{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,16]],"date-time":"2026-08-16T07:13:07Z","timestamp":1786864387691,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1701993600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000968","name":"American Heart Association","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["952161"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["952161"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000968","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a serious public health concern, which calls for appropriate diet\/nutrition intervention. Fish oil (FO) has several benefits in reducing obesity, but its intergenerational role in reducing the effects of paternal obesity has not been established. Hence, we hypothesized that FO supplementation to an obese father during the pre-conceptional period could improve the metabolic health of the offspring, specifically in the liver. Three groups of male mice were fed with a low-fat (LF), high-fat (HF), or high-fat diet supplemented with FO (HF-FO) for 10 weeks and were then allowed to mate with female mice fed a chow diet. Offspring were sacrificed at 16 weeks. The liver tissue was harvested for genomic and histological analyses. The offspring of HF and HF-FO fathers were heavier compared to that of the LF mice during 9\u201316 weeks. The glucose tolerance of the offspring of HF-FO fathers were significantly improved as compared to the offspring of HF fathers. Paternal FO supplementation significantly lowered inflammation and fatty acid synthesis biomarkers and increased fatty acid oxidation biomarkers in the offspring liver. In summary, FO supplementation in fathers shows the potential to reduce metabolic and cardiovascular diseases through genetic means in offspring.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15245038","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]],"date-time":"2023-12-08T03:03:33Z","timestamp":1702004613000},"page":"5038","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Effects of Fish Oil Supplementation on Reducing the Effects of Paternal Obesity and Preventing Fatty Liver in Offspring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"given":"Akriti","family":"Shrestha","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah Katherine","family":"Dellett","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junhui","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Upasna","family":"Sharma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular, Cell and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, CA 95064, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4856-7327","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Latha","family":"Ramalingam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Food Studies, Syracuse University, Syracuse, NY 13244, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"47","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.13643","article-title":"Global epidemiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease\/non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: What we need in the future","volume":"38","author":"Rosso","year":"2018","journal-title":"Liver Int."},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"179","DOI":"10.21037\/hbsn.2018.12.03","article-title":"Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in obese adolescents: The role of genetic polymorphisms","volume":"8","author":"Abenavoli","year":"2019","journal-title":"Hepatobiliary Surg. 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