{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T02:43:32Z","timestamp":1760150612511,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1702857600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"NIH\/NCI","award":["R01 CA203584","P30 CA016058","2P20GM103434-18","R15AI174169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 CA203584","P30 CA016058","2P20GM103434-18","R15AI174169"]}]},{"name":"OSU Hematology Division-Sponsored Research Program","award":["R01 CA203584","P30 CA016058","2P20GM103434-18","R15AI174169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 CA203584","P30 CA016058","2P20GM103434-18","R15AI174169"]}]},{"name":"NIH","award":["R01 CA203584","P30 CA016058","2P20GM103434-18","R15AI174169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 CA203584","P30 CA016058","2P20GM103434-18","R15AI174169"]}]},{"name":"NIH\/NIAID","award":["R01 CA203584","P30 CA016058","2P20GM103434-18","R15AI174169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 CA203584","P30 CA016058","2P20GM103434-18","R15AI174169"]}]},{"name":"Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center","award":["R01 CA203584","P30 CA016058","2P20GM103434-18","R15AI174169"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["R01 CA203584","P30 CA016058","2P20GM103434-18","R15AI174169"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is a disease characterized by the accumulation of mature CD19+CD5+CD23+ B cells in the bloodstream and in lymphoid organs. It usually affects people over 70 years of age, which limits the options for treatments. The disease is typically well-managed, but to date is still incurable. Hence, the need for novel therapeutic strategies remains. Nurse-like cells (NLCs) are major components of the microenvironment for CLL, supporting tumor cell survival, proliferation, and even drug resistance. They are of myeloid lineage, guided toward differentiating into their tumor-supportive role by the CLL cells themselves. As such, they are analogous to tumor-associated macrophages and represent a major therapeutic target. Previously, it was found that a mushroom extract, Active Hexose-Correlated Compound (AHCC), promoted the death of acute myeloid leukemia cells while preserving normal monocytes. Given these findings, it was asked whether AHCC might have a similar effect on the abnormally differentiated myeloid-lineage NLCs in CLL. CLL-patient PBMCs were treated with AHCC, and it was found that AHCC treatment showed a direct toxic effect against isolated CLL cells. In addition, it significantly reduced the number of tumor-supportive NLCs and altered their phenotype. The effects of AHCC were then tested in the E\u00b5-TCL1 mouse model of CLL and the MllPTD\/WT Flt3ITD\/WT model of AML. Results showed that AHCC not only reduced tumor load and increased survival in the CLL and AML models, but it also enhanced antitumor antibody treatment in the CLL model. These results suggest that AHCC has direct and indirect effects against CLL and that it may be of benefit when combined with existing treatments.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu15245138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]],"date-time":"2023-12-18T11:28:07Z","timestamp":1702898887000},"page":"5138","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Active Hexose-Correlated Compound Shows Direct and Indirect Effects against Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"15","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2933-2493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanna","family":"Merchand-Reyes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ramasamy","family":"Santhanam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maria L.","family":"Valencia-Pena","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4406-2644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Krishan","family":"Kumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xiaokui","family":"Mo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"},{"name":"Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tesfaye","family":"Belay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Applied Sciences and Mathematics, Bluefield State University, Bluefield, WV 24701, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3403-9144","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jennifer A.","family":"Woyach","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"},{"name":"Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bethany","family":"Mundy-Bosse","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"},{"name":"Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susheela","family":"Tridandapani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"},{"name":"Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan P.","family":"Butchar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"},{"name":"Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH 43210, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"16","DOI":"10.1007\/s11912-020-0881-4","article-title":"Revolution of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Therapy: The Chemo-Free Treatment Paradigm","volume":"22","author":"Scheffold","year":"2020","journal-title":"Curr. 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