{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,27]],"date-time":"2026-05-27T23:24:03Z","timestamp":1779924243767,"version":"3.53.1"},"reference-count":172,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]],"date-time":"2023-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703116800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Malnutrition and sarcopenia are highly prevalent in patients with decompensated cirrhosis and are associated with poorer clinical outcomes. Their pathophysiology is complex and multifactorial, with protein-calorie malnutrition, systemic inflammation, reduced glycogen stores and hormonal imbalances all well reported. The direct contribution of portal hypertension to these driving factors is however not widely documented in the literature. This review details the specific mechanisms by which portal hypertension directly contributes to the development of malnutrition and sarcopenia in cirrhosis. We summarise the existing literature describing treatment strategies that specifically aim to reduce portal pressures and their impact on nutritional and muscle outcomes, which is particularly relevant to those with end-stage disease awaiting liver transplantation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16010035","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]],"date-time":"2023-12-21T05:36:12Z","timestamp":1703136972000},"page":"35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Portal Hypertension in Malnutrition and Sarcopenia in Decompensated Cirrhosis\u2014Pathogenesis, Implications and Therapeutic Opportunities"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Ryma","family":"Terbah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Transplant Unit, Austin Health, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adam","family":"Testro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Transplant Unit, Austin Health, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Paul","family":"Gow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Transplant Unit, Austin Health, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Avik","family":"Majumdar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Transplant Unit, Austin Health, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0657-3048","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marie","family":"Sinclair","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liver Transplant Unit, Austin Health, 145 Studley Road, Heidelberg, VIC 3084, Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medicine, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3050, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"481","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2007.05.024","article-title":"Hepatic venous pressure gradient predicts clinical decompensation in patients with compensated cirrhosis","volume":"133","author":"Ripoll","year":"2007","journal-title":"Gastroenterology"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"European Association for the Study of the Liver (2018). 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