{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T15:58:45Z","timestamp":1791907125761,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":67,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]],"date-time":"2023-12-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1703203200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100006545","name":"National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["U54MD007601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54MD007601"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100006545","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Lakshmi Devi and Devraj Sharma Foundation","award":["U54MD007601"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["U54MD007601"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Understanding how maternal diet affects in utero neonatal gut microbiota and epigenetic regulation may provide insight into disease origins and long-term health. The impact of Mediterranean diet pattern adherence (MDA) on fetal gut microbiome and epigenetic regulation was assessed in 33 pregnant women. Participants completed a validated food frequency questionnaire in each trimester of pregnancy; the alternate Mediterranean diet (aMED) score was applied. Umbilical cord blood, placental tissue, and neonatal meconium were collected from offspring. DNA methylation patterns were probed using the Illumnia EPICarray Methylation Chip in parturients with high versus low MDA. Meconium microbial abundance in the first 24 h after birth was identified using 16s rRNA sequencing and compared among neonates born to mothers with high and low aMED scores. Twenty-one mothers were classified as low MDA and 12 as high MDA. Pasteurellaceae and Bacteroidaceae trended towards greater abundance in the high-MDA group, as well as other short-chain fatty acid-producing species. Several differentially methylated regions varied between groups and overlapped gene regions including NCK2, SNED1, MTERF4, TNXB, HLA-DPB, BAG6, and LMO3. We identified a beneficial effect of adherence to a Mediterranean diet on fetal in utero development. This highlights the importance of dietary counseling for mothers and can be used as a guide for future studies of meconium and immuno-epigenetic modulation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16010047","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]],"date-time":"2023-12-22T04:44:40Z","timestamp":1703220280000},"page":"47","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Impact of Maternal Mediterranean-Type Diet Adherence on Microbiota Composition and Epigenetic Programming of Offspring"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0005-4140-5834","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tamlyn","family":"Sasaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Kawamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chirstyn","family":"Okuno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kayleen","family":"Lau","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96813, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Riel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women\u2019s Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96826, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Men-Jean","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women\u2019s Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96826, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corrie","family":"Miller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Women\u2019s Health, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96826, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,12,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3029","DOI":"10.1113\/JP277353","article-title":"High-fat diet intake modulates maternal intestinal adaptations to pregnancy and results in placental hypoxia, as well as altered fetal gut barrier proteins and immune markers","volume":"597","author":"Gohir","year":"2019","journal-title":"J. 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