{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T20:22:37Z","timestamp":1791922957202,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":94,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]],"date-time":"2024-01-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1704326400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Disorders of gut\u2013brain interaction (DGBIs) have a complex pathophysiology that is often characterized by a relationship between food ingestion and triggering of symptoms. Understanding of the underlying mechanisms and the role of nutrients as a therapeutic target are rapidly evolving. Aims and methods: We performed a narrative review of the literature using the following keywords, their acronyms, and their associations: nutrients, disorders of gut\u2013brain interaction; functional dyspepsia; malabsorption; irritable bowel syndrome; diarrhea; constipation. Results: Functional dyspepsia displayed a significant correlation between volume, fat and\/or wheat abundance, chemical composition of ingested food and symptoms of early satiety, fullness and weight loss. Carbohydrate malabsorption is related to enzyme deficiency throughout the GI tract. Food composition and richness in soluble vs. non-soluble fibers is related to constipation and diarrhea. The elimination of fermentable oligo-, di-, monosaccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) has a significant and non-unidirectional impact on irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms. Conclusions: Food volume, nutritive and chemical composition, and its malabsorption are associated with symptom generation in DGBIs. Further multicenter, randomized-controlled clinical trials are needed to clarify the underlying pathophysiology.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16010176","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]],"date-time":"2024-01-04T09:47:32Z","timestamp":1704361652000},"page":"176","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Nutrition and Disorders of Gut\u2013Brain Interaction"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2101-1118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emidio","family":"Scarpellini","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disoerders (T.A.R.G.I.D.), Gasthuisberg University Hospital, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Lueven, Belgium"},{"name":"Internal Medicine Unit, \u201cMadonna del Soccorso\u201d General Hospital, Via Luciano Manara 7, 63074 San Benedetto del Tronto, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Lukas Michaja","family":"Balsiger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disoerders (T.A.R.G.I.D.), Gasthuisberg University Hospital, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Lueven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bert","family":"Broeders","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disoerders (T.A.R.G.I.D.), Gasthuisberg University Hospital, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Lueven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen Van Den","family":"Houte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disoerders (T.A.R.G.I.D.), Gasthuisberg University Hospital, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Lueven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karen","family":"Routhiaux","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disoerders (T.A.R.G.I.D.), Gasthuisberg University Hospital, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Lueven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Karlien","family":"Raymenants","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disoerders (T.A.R.G.I.D.), Gasthuisberg University Hospital, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Lueven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Florencia","family":"Carbone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disoerders (T.A.R.G.I.D.), Gasthuisberg University Hospital, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Lueven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Tack","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Translational Research in Gastrointestinal Disoerders (T.A.R.G.I.D.), Gasthuisberg University Hospital, KU Leuven, Herestraat 49, 3000 Lueven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"736","DOI":"10.1002\/ueg2.12271","article-title":"Disorders of gut-brain interaction: Highly prevalent and burdensome yet under-taught within medical education","volume":"10","author":"Simons","year":"2022","journal-title":"United Eur. 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