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About 85\u201390% of IBS patients report symptom exacerbation linked to specific food consumption, highlighting the strong connection between food intolerances and IBS. Food intolerances often exhibit a dose-dependent pattern, posing a challenge in identifying trigger foods. This issue is further complicated by the complex nature of gastrointestinal physiology and varying food compositions. This review discusses various dietary patterns and their impact on IBS, including the low-FODMAP diet, gluten-free diet, and Mediterranean diet. It highlights the importance of a personalized approach in dietary management, considering individual symptom variability and dietary history. In conclusion, this review emphasizes the need for accurate diagnosis and holistic management of IBS, considering the complex interplay between dietary factors and gastrointestinal pathophysiology. It underlines the importance of patient education and adherence to treatment plans, acknowledging the challenges posed by the variability in dietary triggers and the psychological impact of dietary restrictions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16020265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]],"date-time":"2024-01-16T04:03:30Z","timestamp":1705377810000},"page":"265","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Food Intolerances, Food Allergies and IBS: Lights and Shadows"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1791-4506","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Pasta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2585-4566","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elena","family":"Formisano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-4706-1499","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Calabrese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Plaz Torres","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgia","family":"Bodini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4507-8605","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa","family":"Marabotto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7080-9807","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Livia","family":"Pisciotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8526-837X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edoardo","family":"Giannini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Manuele","family":"Furnari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Genoa, 16132 Genoa, Italy"},{"name":"IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, 16132 Genoa, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2566","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra1607547","article-title":"Irritable Bowel Syndrome","volume":"376","author":"Ford","year":"2017","journal-title":"N. 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