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However, the effectiveness of organized physical activities (OPAs) in attenuating or delaying these age-related transformations remains an area of limited understanding. The primary objectives of this study were threefold: (I) to comprehensively assess the evolution of body composition in a cohort of Spanish older adults over an 8-year period; (II) to compare this evolution in the different age groups; and (III) to investigate the influence of active engagement in OPAs on these age-related changes. From a sample of 3136 Spanish older adults recruited in 2008, 651 agreed to participate in the 8-year follow-up. Anthropometric and bioelectrical impedance data were included for 507 females (70.3 \u00b1 4.4 years) and 144 males (77.8 \u00b1 4.5 years). Age groups were categorized as follows: youngest (65\u201369 years), mid (70\u201374 years), and oldest (\u226575 years). The engagement in OPA was recorded before and after the follow-up. A repeated measures ANOVA was performed to evaluate the 8-year changes. Males increased in hip (98.1 \u00b1 9.3 vs. 101.5 \u00b1 10.2 cm) and waist circumferences (101.2 \u00b1 6.6 vs. 103.2 \u00b1 6.1 cm), specifically in the youngest group (p &lt; 0.05). Females decreased in weight (67.6 \u00b1 10.0 vs. 66.6 \u00b1 10.5 kg) and fat mass percentage (39.3 \u00b1 5 vs. 38.8 \u00b1 5.4%) and increased in hip circumference (104.4 \u00b1 9.0 vs. 106.5 \u00b1 9.7 cm); these effects were the most remarkable in the oldest group (all p &lt; 0.05). OPA engagement seemed to slow down fat-free mass loses in males, but not in females (grouped by time, p &lt; 0.05). Body composition changes caused by aging seem to happen earlier in males than in females. Moreover, participating in OPAs does not prevent fat-free mass due to aging.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16020298","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,1,18]],"date-time":"2024-01-18T11:28:46Z","timestamp":1705577326000},"page":"298","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Longitudinal Changes in the Body Composition of Non-Institutionalized Spanish Older Adults after 8 Years of Follow-Up: The Effects of Sex, Age, and Organized Physical Activity"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0330-5558","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ana","family":"Moradell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"EXER-GENUD (Growth, Exercise, Nutrition and Development) Research Group, Universidad de Zaragoza, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Animal Production and Food Technology, Faculty of Health and Sport Science FCSD, University of 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