{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,2]],"date-time":"2026-07-02T00:09:32Z","timestamp":1782950972965,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,17]],"date-time":"2024-02-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1708128000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"University of Turin","award":["1170\u2013Carb-Q-4-Health"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1170\u2013Carb-Q-4-Health"]}]},{"name":"University of Turin","award":["20224PR8HE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20224PR8HE"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies","award":["1170\u2013Carb-Q-4-Health"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1170\u2013Carb-Q-4-Health"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Agricultural, Food and Forestry Policies","award":["20224PR8HE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20224PR8HE"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Education, Universities and Research","award":["1170\u2013Carb-Q-4-Health"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["1170\u2013Carb-Q-4-Health"]}]},{"name":"Italian Ministry of Education, Universities and Research","award":["20224PR8HE"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20224PR8HE"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) exert a key pathogenic role in the development of obesity and insulin resistance. Thanks to its abundance in bioactive compounds, the microalga Arthrospira platensis (spirulina, SP) is proposed as a nutritional supplement. Here, we investigated the potential anti-glycating properties of SP enriched with zinc (Zn-SP) and the following impact on diet-induced metabolic derangements. Thirty male C57Bl6 mice were fed a standard diet (SD) or a high-fat high-sugar diet (HFHS) for 12 weeks, and a subgroup of HFHS mice received 350 mg\/kg Zn-SP three times a week. A HFHS diet induced obesity and glucose intolerance and increased plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines and transaminases. Zn-SP administration restored glucose homeostasis and reduced hepatic dysfunction and systemic inflammation. In the liver of HFHS mice, a robust accumulation of AGEs was detected, paralleled by increased expression of the main AGE receptor (RAGE) and depletion of glyoxalase-1, whereas Zn-SP administration efficiently prevented these alterations reducing local pro-inflammatory responses. 16S rRNA gene profiling of feces and ileum content revealed altered bacterial community structure in HFHS mice compared to both SD and HFHS + Zn-SP groups. Overall, our study demonstrates relevant anti-glycation properties of Zn-SP which contribute to preventing AGE production and\/or stimulate AGE detoxification, leading to the improvement of diet-related dysbiosis and metabolic derangements.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16040552","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,20]],"date-time":"2024-02-20T04:36:22Z","timestamp":1708403782000},"page":"552","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Anti-Glycation Properties of Zinc-Enriched Arthrospira platensis (Spirulina) Contribute to Prevention of Metaflammation in a Diet-Induced Obese Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6336-1442","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eleonora","family":"Aimaretti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6828-356X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisa","family":"Porchietto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0936-1211","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giacomo","family":"Mantegazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giorgio","family":"Gargari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DeFENS), University of Milan, 20133 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5569-7509","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Debora","family":"Collotta","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences \u201cRita Levi Montalcini\u201d, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Giacomo","family":"Einaudi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2529-2006","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gustavo","family":"Ferreira Alves","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Enrica","family":"Marzani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences \u201cRita Levi Montalcini\u201d, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Algeri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian Union of Biological Spirulin (Unione Spirulina Biologica Italiana, USBI), Curtatone (Mantova), 46010 Mantova, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0726-3025","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federica","family":"Dal Bello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Health Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0453-5235","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela","family":"Aragno","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6180-828X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlo","family":"Cifani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pharmacology Unit, School of Pharmacy, University of Camerino, 62032 Camerino, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8673-8190","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Simone","family":"Guglielmetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biotechnology and Biosciences (BtBs), University of Milano-Bicocca, 20126 Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0104-6129","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Raffaella","family":"Mastrocola","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8782-3496","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Massimo","family":"Collino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurosciences \u201cRita Levi Montalcini\u201d, University of Turin, 10125 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1753-4887.2011.00456.x","article-title":"Global Nutrition Transition and the Pandemic of Obesity in Developing 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