{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T13:40:48Z","timestamp":1791639648851,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":71,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1711929600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Medical University of Lodz","award":["503\/6-006-05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["503\/6-006-05"]}]},{"name":"Medical University of Lodz","award":["UK\/US\/06\/2022\/01\/00004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UK\/US\/06\/2022\/01\/00004"]}]},{"name":"ALAB Laboratories","award":["503\/6-006-05"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["503\/6-006-05"]}]},{"name":"ALAB Laboratories","award":["UK\/US\/06\/2022\/01\/00004"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["UK\/US\/06\/2022\/01\/00004"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>(1) Background: The elderly suffer from functional constipation (FC), whose causes are not fully known, but nutritional factors may play a role. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of a low FODMAP diet supplemented with L-tryptophan (TRP) on its metabolism and symptoms of functional constipation in elderly patients. (2) Methods: This study included 40 people without abdominal complaints (Group I, controls) and 60 patients with FC, diagnosed according to the Rome IV Criteria (Group II). Two groups were randomly selected: Group IIA (n = 30) was qualified for administration of the low FODMAP diet, and the diet of patients of Group IIB (n = 30) was supplemented with 1000 mg TRP per day. The severity of abdominal symptoms was assessed with an abdominal pain index ranging from 1 to 7 points (S-score). The concentration of TRP and its metabolites, 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5-HIAA), kynurenine (KYN), and 3-indoxyl sulfate (3-IS) in urine were determined using the LC-MS\/MS method. (3) Results: In Group II, 5-HIAA concentration in urine was lower, and KYN and 3-IS concentrations were higher than in the control group. A negative correlation was found between the S-score and urinary concentration of 5-HIAA (p &lt; 0.001), and 3-IS concentration was positively correlated with the S-score. However, the correlation between the S-score and 3-IS concentration was negative (p &lt; 0.01). After a dietary intervention, 5-HIAA concentration increased in both groups, and the severity of symptoms decreased, but the decrease was more pronounced in Group IIB. (4) Conclusion: A low FODMAP diet supplemented with L-tryptophan has beneficial effects in elderly patients suffering from functional constipation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16071027","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]],"date-time":"2024-04-01T05:42:43Z","timestamp":1711950163000},"page":"1027","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["A Low FODMAP Diet Supplemented with L-Tryptophan Reduces the Symptoms of Functional Constipation in Elderly Patients"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1620-4775","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cezary","family":"Chojnacki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"M\u0119drek-Socha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Aleksandra","family":"B\u0142o\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9539-9584","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Janusz","family":"B\u0142asiak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Mazovian Academy in Plock, 09-402 Plock, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2300-7339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tomasz","family":"Pop\u0142awski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biochemistry, Medical University of Lodz, 90-236 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8766-7868","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jan","family":"Chojnacki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition and Gastroenterological Diagnostics, Medical University of Lodz, 90-647 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8288-3721","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anita","family":"G\u0105siorowska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Gastroenterology, Medical University of Lodz, 92-213 Lodz, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,4,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"8","article-title":"Global prevalence of functional constipation according to the Rome criteria: A systemic review and meta-analysis","volume":"6","author":"Barberio","year":"2021","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.4082\/kjfm.18.0182","article-title":"Chronic Constipation in the Elderly Patient: Updates in Evaluation and Management","volume":"41","author":"Mari","year":"2020","journal-title":"Korean J. 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