{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T15:48:03Z","timestamp":1789832883300,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,11]],"date-time":"2024-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715385600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: The utility of using indirect calorimetry (IC) to estimate energy needs and methods for its application to this purpose remain unclear. This systematic review investigated whether using IC to estimate energy expenditure in critically ill patients is more meaningful for improving survival than other estimation methods. Methods: Comprehensive searches were conducted in MEDLINE using PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and Igaku-Chuo-Zasshi up to March 2023. Results: Nine RCTs involving 1178 patients were included in the meta-analysis. The evidence obtained suggested that energy delivery by IC improved short-term mortality (risk ratio, 0.86; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.70 to 1.06). However, the use of IC did not appear to affect the length of ICU stay (mean difference [MD], 0.86; 95% CI, \u22120.98 to 2.70) or the duration of mechanical ventilation (MD, 0.66; 95% CI, \u22120.39 to 1.72). Post hoc analyses using short-term mortality as the outcome found no significant difference by target calories in resting energy expenditure, whereas more frequent IC estimates were associated with lower short-term mortality and were more effective in mechanically ventilated patients. Conclusions: This updated meta-analysis revealed that the use of IC may improve short-term mortality in patients with critical illness and did not increase adverse events.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16101452","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,13]],"date-time":"2024-05-13T03:34:01Z","timestamp":1715571241000},"page":"1452","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["Effects of Energy Delivery Guided by Indirect Calorimetry in Critically Ill Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Shinichi","family":"Watanabe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Gifu University of Health Science, 2-92 Higashiuzura, Gifu 500-8281, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hiroo","family":"Izumino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Acute and Critical Care Center, Nagasaki University Hospital, 1-7-1 Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8501, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yudai","family":"Takatani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Primary Care and Emergency Medicine, Kyoto University Hospital, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6362-5823","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rie","family":"Tsutsumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Tokushima University Graduate School, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima 770-8503, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takahiro","family":"Suzuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, St. Luke\u2019s International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-8560, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9688-6154","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hiroomi","family":"Tatsumi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1 W17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency and Critical Care Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takeaki","family":"Sato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Emergency Center, Tohoku University Hospital, 1-1 Seiryo-machi, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8574, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomoka","family":"Miyagi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Yokosuka General Hospital, 2-36 Uwamachi, Yokosuka 238-8567, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isao","family":"Miyajima","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition, Chikamori Hospital, 1-1-16 Okawasuzi, Kochi 780-8522, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8481-0294","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kensuke","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Intensive Care, Yokohama City University Hospital, 3-9 Fukuura, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama 236-0064, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Naoki","family":"Higashibeppu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Anesthesiology and Nutrition Support Team, Kobe City Medical Center General Hospital, 2-1-1 Minatojima Minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joji","family":"Kotani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Disaster and Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery Related, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1 Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1512","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-002-1512-2","article-title":"Position paper of the ESICM Working Group on Nutrition and Metabolism. 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