{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,11]],"date-time":"2025-10-11T01:04:18Z","timestamp":1760144658348,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715731200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Slovenian Research and Innovation Agency","award":["Z3-3213","P3-0395"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["Z3-3213","P3-0395"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Older adults living in nursing homes (NH) are considered a population group that could be at risk in terms of nutrition, even more so than their community-dwelling peers. Evidence on the nutritional status of NH residents is scarce, as they are commonly excluded from population-based dietary studies. This is also the case in Slovenia. In the presented pilot study, we assessed the intake of macronutrients as well as the intake and status of vitamin D and vitamin B12 on a sample of NH and NH daycare center users to explore the need for a larger representative study. The pilot study included 37 participants from three Slovenian NH (20 participants) and their daycare centers (17 participants). Daycare centers offer daytime care services for older adults, where users are also provided with major meals during their stay. Intakes of energy and nutrients were estimated by three 24 h dietary records. Fasting blood samples were collected for the assessment of vitamin D and vitamin B12 status. Over 90% of the participants had daily energy and protein intakes below recommendations (reference values: energy intake: males 2100 kcal and females 1700 kcal; protein intake &gt; 1 g\/kg body mass). The males\u2019 median daily intakes of vitamin D were 1.7 \u00b5g (1.5 \u00b5g females), and 2.3 \u00b5g for vitamin B12 (2.0 \u00b5g females). None of the participants had adequate vitamin D intake (&gt;20 \u00b5g), and 92.3% males and 87.5% females had inadequate vitamin B12 intake (&lt;4 \u00b5g). The prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (serum 25-OH-D conc. &lt; 30 nmol\/L) was 100% among NH residents and 53% among NH daycare center users. The prevalence of vitamin B12 deficiency was found in 20% of NH residents. The study results highlighted that certain nutrients might be critical in this population, especially among NH residents; however, a more thorough investigation with the inclusion of other important markers of nutritional status should be performed on a larger, representative sample to support the development and implementation of appropriate public health interventions.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16101495","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]],"date-time":"2024-05-15T11:31:52Z","timestamp":1715772712000},"page":"1495","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Nutritional Challenges in Nursing Homes: Pilot Study on Macronutrient Intake and Status of Vitamins D and B12"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9251-322X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"\u017diva","family":"Lavri\u0161a","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Public Health Research Group, Nutrition Institute, Koprska ulica 98, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8634-1778","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Igor","family":"Pravst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition and Public Health Research Group, Nutrition Institute, Koprska ulica 98, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"},{"name":"VIST\u2013Faculty of Applied Sciences, Gerbi\u010deva cesta 51A, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"225","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cger.2023.01.009","article-title":"Physiology of Aging of Older Adults: Systemic and Oral Health Considerations","volume":"39","author":"Thompson","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. 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