{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T02:51:07Z","timestamp":1788835867519,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":68,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1715904000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Scientific Research Funds from the Educational Department of Liaoning Province","award":["LJKZ0767"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LJKZ0767"]}]},{"name":"Scientific Research Funds from the Educational Department of Liaoning Province","award":["2022ZNDXLCL001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022ZNDXLCL001"]}]},{"name":"Open Fund of the Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology","award":["LJKZ0767"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["LJKZ0767"]}]},{"name":"Open Fund of the Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology","award":["2022ZNDXLCL001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022ZNDXLCL001"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Alcohol consumption significantly impacts disease burden and has been linked to various diseases in observational studies. However, comprehensive meta-analyses using Mendelian randomization (MR) to examine drinking patterns are limited. We aimed to evaluate the health risks of alcohol use by integrating findings from MR studies. A thorough search was conducted for MR studies focused on alcohol exposure. We utilized two sets of instrumental variables\u2014alcohol consumption and problematic alcohol use\u2014and summary statistics from the FinnGen consortium R9 release to perform de novo MR analyses. Our meta-analysis encompassed 64 published and 151 de novo MR analyses across 76 distinct primary outcomes. Results show that a genetic predisposition to alcohol consumption, independent of smoking, significantly correlates with a decreased risk of Parkinson\u2019s disease, prostate hyperplasia, and rheumatoid arthritis. It was also associated with an increased risk of chronic pancreatitis, colorectal cancer, and head and neck cancers. Additionally, a genetic predisposition to problematic alcohol use is strongly associated with increased risks of alcoholic liver disease, cirrhosis, both acute and chronic pancreatitis, and pneumonia. Evidence from our MR study supports the notion that alcohol consumption and problematic alcohol use are causally associated with a range of diseases, predominantly by increasing the risk.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16101517","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]],"date-time":"2024-05-17T12:02:23Z","timestamp":1715947343000},"page":"1517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Alcohol Exposure and Disease Associations: A Mendelian Randomization and Meta-Analysis on Weekly Consumption and Problematic Drinking"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Mengyao","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110122, China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-3070-8767","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuying","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110122, China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kailei","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110122, China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yang","family":"Miao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110122, China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yaxin","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110122, China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yishuo","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110122, China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengxian","family":"Jiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110122, China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengcao","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110122, China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110122, China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoxia","family":"Xue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Science Experiment Center, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2432-104X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xuelian","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory of Environmental Stress and Chronic Disease Control & Prevention, China Medical University, Ministry of Education, Shenyang 110122, China"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, China Medical University, Shenyang 110122, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (2019). 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