{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T21:08:33Z","timestamp":1791925713804,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":101,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,25]],"date-time":"2024-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1716595200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Dutch Research Council","award":["#16437"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#16437"]}]},{"name":"Dutch Research Council","award":["#AFI-18024CB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#AFI-18024CB"]}]},{"name":"Dutch Research Council","award":["#AFI-22034CB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#AFI-22034CB"]}]},{"name":"Dutch Research Council","award":["#WE.03-2018-06 AN"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#WE.03-2018-06 AN"]}]},{"name":"Dutch Research Council","award":["#WE.03-2022-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#WE.03-2022-06"]}]},{"name":"Dutch Research Council","award":["#WE.15-2021-08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#WE.15-2021-08"]}]},{"name":"Dutch Research Council","award":["PE0000006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PE0000006"]}]},{"name":"Alzheimer Nederland and Alzheimer Forschung Initiative","award":["#16437"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#16437"]}]},{"name":"Alzheimer Nederland and Alzheimer Forschung Initiative","award":["#AFI-18024CB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#AFI-18024CB"]}]},{"name":"Alzheimer Nederland and Alzheimer Forschung Initiative","award":["#AFI-22034CB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#AFI-22034CB"]}]},{"name":"Alzheimer Nederland and Alzheimer Forschung Initiative","award":["#WE.03-2018-06 AN"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#WE.03-2018-06 AN"]}]},{"name":"Alzheimer Nederland and Alzheimer Forschung Initiative","award":["#WE.03-2022-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#WE.03-2022-06"]}]},{"name":"Alzheimer Nederland and Alzheimer Forschung Initiative","award":["#WE.15-2021-08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#WE.15-2021-08"]}]},{"name":"Alzheimer Nederland and Alzheimer Forschung Initiative","award":["PE0000006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PE0000006"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of University and Research (MUR), National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), project MNESYS","award":["#16437"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#16437"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of University and Research (MUR), National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), project MNESYS","award":["#AFI-18024CB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#AFI-18024CB"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of University and Research (MUR), National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), project MNESYS","award":["#AFI-22034CB"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#AFI-22034CB"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of University and Research (MUR), National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), project MNESYS","award":["#WE.03-2018-06 AN"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#WE.03-2018-06 AN"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of University and Research (MUR), National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), project MNESYS","award":["#WE.03-2022-06"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#WE.03-2022-06"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of University and Research (MUR), National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), project MNESYS","award":["#WE.15-2021-08"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["#WE.15-2021-08"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of University and Research (MUR), National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), project MNESYS","award":["PE0000006"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PE0000006"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>We previously demonstrated that diet supplementation with seaweed Sargassum fusiforme (S. fusiforme) prevented AD-related pathology in a mouse model of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease (AD). Here, we tested a lipid extract of seaweed Himanthalia elongata (H. elongata) and a supercritical fluid (SCF) extract of S. fusiforme that is free of excess inorganic arsenic. Diet supplementation with H. elongata extract prevented cognitive deterioration in APPswePS1\u0394E9 mice. Similar trends were observed for the S. fusiforme SCF extract. The cerebral amyloid-\u03b2 plaque load remained unaffected. However, IHC analysis revealed that both extracts lowered glial markers in the brains of APPswePS1\u0394E9 mice. While cerebellar cholesterol concentrations remained unaffected, both extracts increased desmosterol, an endogenous LXR agonist with anti-inflammatory properties. Both extracts increased cholesterol efflux, and particularly, H. elongata extract decreased the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-stimulated THP-1-derived macrophages. Additionally, our findings suggest a reduction of AD-associated phosphorylated tau and promotion of early oligodendrocyte differentiation by H. elongata. RNA sequencing on the hippocampus of one-week-treated APPswePS1\u0394E9 mice revealed effects of H. elongata on, amongst others, acetylcholine and synaptogenesis signaling pathways. In conclusion, extracts of H. elongata and S. fusiforme show potential to reduce AD-related pathology in APPswePS1\u0394E9 mice. Increasing desmosterol concentrations may contribute to these effects by dampening neuroinflammation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16111614","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,27]],"date-time":"2024-05-27T05:14:02Z","timestamp":1716786842000},"page":"1614","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Supplementation of Seaweed Extracts to the Diet Reduces Symptoms of Alzheimer\u2019s Disease in the APPswePS1\u0394E9 Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6382-3379","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nikita","family":"Martens","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590 Hasselt, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Na","family":"Zhan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Key Laboratory of Marine Drugs, Chinese Ministry of Education, School of Medicine and Pharmacy, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sammie C.","family":"Yam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Frank P. J.","family":"Leijten","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcella","family":"Palumbo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0248-4008","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Martien","family":"Caspers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Systems Biology, The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3931-8254","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Assia","family":"Tiane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Biomedical Research Institute, Faculty of Medicine and Life Sciences, Hasselt University, B-3590 Hasselt, Belgium"},{"name":"Department Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, Division Translational Neuroscience, Mental Health and Neuroscience Institute, Maastricht University, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Friedrichs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Clinical Chemistry and Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Bonn, D-53127 Bonn, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yanlin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3000 CA Rotterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Ophthalmology, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0008-7660-3330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leonie","family":"van Vark-van der Zee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Gardi","family":"Voortman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal Medicine, Section Pharmacology and Vascular Medicine, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GE Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6665-263X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesca","family":"Zimetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Drug, University of Parma, 43124 Parma, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dick","family":"Jaarsma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neuroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CN Rotterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7847-9037","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lars","family":"Verschuren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Systems Biology, The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research (TNO), 2333 BE Leiden, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3919-5437","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Johan W.","family":"Jonker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Section of Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2518-737X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Folkert","family":"Kuipers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Section of Molecular Metabolism and Nutrition, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands"},{"name":"European Research Institute for the Biology of Ageing (ERIBA), University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, 9713 AV Groningen, The 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