{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,3]],"date-time":"2026-08-03T22:36:12Z","timestamp":1785796572166,"version":"3.56.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718236800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Edna Ittner Pediatric Research Support Fund at the University of Nebraska Medical Center"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, University of Nebraska Medical Center"},{"name":"office of the Vice Chancellor for Research at the University of Nebraska Medical Center"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Low levels of vitamin D in maternal and cord blood have been associated with neonatal sepsis. This study assessed the association of vitamin D metabolites (25(OH)D, 3-epi-25(OH)D3, and 24,25(OH)2D3) levels in maternal and cord blood with newborn sepsis evaluation in Nigerian mother\u2013infant dyads. Maternal and cord blood from 534 mothers and 536 newborns were processed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. Spearman correlation was used to compare continuous variables, Mann\u2013Whitney for dichotomous variables, and Kruskal\u2013Wallis for two or more groups. High cord percent 3-epi-25(OH)D3 levels were positively associated with newborn evaluation for sepsis (p = 0.036), while maternal and cord 25(OH)D and 24,25(OH)2D3 levels were not. Being employed was positively associated with maternal and newborn 3-epi-25(OH)D3 concentrations (p = 0.007 and p = 0.005, respectively). The maternal 3-epi-25(OH)D3 and percent 3-epi-25(OH)D3 were positively associated with vaginal delivery (p = 0.013 and p = 0.012, respectively). Having a weight-for-age Z-score \u2264 \u22122 was positively associated with newborn percent 3-epi-25(OH)D3 levels (p = 0.004), while a weight-for-length Z-score \u2264 \u22123 was positively associated with maternal and newborn percent 3-epi-25(OH)D3 levels (p = 0.044 and p = 0.022, respectively). Our study highlights the need to further investigate the biological role of 3-epi-25(OH)D3 and its clinical significance in fetal growth and newborn outcome.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16121857","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]],"date-time":"2024-06-13T10:41:03Z","timestamp":1718275263000},"page":"1857","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Vitamin D Metabolites in Mother\u2013Infant Dyads and Associated Clinical Outcomes in a Population of Nigerian Women"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5663-3857","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Shirley","family":"Delair","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8496-2543","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ann","family":"Anderson-Berry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2867-1231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eyinade","family":"Olateju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja 900211, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Godwin","family":"Akaba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja 900211, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nubwa","family":"Medugu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, National Hospital, Abuja 900211, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Lyden","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics, College of Public Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Kaufmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen\u2019s University, Kinston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7402-3473","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Glenville","family":"Jones","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen\u2019s University, Kinston, ON K7L 3N6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emmanuel","family":"Anigilaje","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja 900211, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yunusa","family":"Thairu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja 900211, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nicholas","family":"Kocmich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Theresa","family":"Ajose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Foundation Against Infectious Disease in Nigeria (IFAIN), Abuja 900211, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Grace","family":"Olanipekun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Foundation Against Infectious Disease in Nigeria (IFAIN), Abuja 900211, Nigeria"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amy","family":"Rezac-Elgohary","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stephen","family":"Obaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35233, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Corrine","family":"Hanson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical Nutrition, College of Allied Health Professions, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"(2023, August 12). 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