{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,30]],"date-time":"2026-09-30T16:34:53Z","timestamp":1790786093809,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]],"date-time":"2024-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1718755200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFC2500503"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2500503"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022CR71"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022CR71"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82170452"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82170452"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012166","name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81703288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81703288"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012166","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (High Quality Clinical Research Project of Peking University First Hospital)","award":["2021YFC2500503"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2500503"]}]},{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (High Quality Clinical Research Project of Peking University First Hospital)","award":["2022CR71"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022CR71"]}]},{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (High Quality Clinical Research Project of Peking University First Hospital)","award":["82170452"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82170452"]}]},{"name":"National High Level Hospital Clinical Research Funding (High Quality Clinical Research Project of Peking University First Hospital)","award":["81703288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81703288"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2021YFC2500503"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2500503"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2022CR71"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022CR71"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82170452"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82170452"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81703288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81703288"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University","award":["2021YFC2500503"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2500503"]}]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University","award":["2022CR71"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022CR71"]}]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University","award":["82170452"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82170452"]}]},{"name":"State Key Laboratory of Vascular Homeostasis and Remodeling, Peking University","award":["81703288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81703288"]}]},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides","award":["2021YFC2500503"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2021YFC2500503"]}]},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides","award":["2022CR71"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2022CR71"]}]},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides","award":["82170452"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82170452"]}]},{"name":"NHC Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Molecular Biology and Regulatory Peptides","award":["81703288"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81703288"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>This study is aimed to examine the association of plasma homocysteine (Hcy) concentrations with a 10-year risk of all-cause and cardiovascular (CV) mortality and to explore the modification effect of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) C677T genetic polymorphism. This study included 5200 participants from a community-based Chinese population. Cox proportional hazard regression models were used to analyze the associations of Hcy and MTHFR C677T genotype with all-cause and CV mortality. The possible modification effect of the MTHFR C677T genotype on the Hcy\u2013mortality relationship was assessed. The individuals with Hcy concentrations \u2265 10 \u03bcmol\/L had a significantly higher risk of all-cause mortality compared to those with Hcy &lt; 10 \u03bcmol\/L (hazard ratio [HR]: 1.72, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.11\u20132.68, p = 0.015). The risk of CV mortality increased by 2% per 1 \u03bcmol\/L Hcy increment (HR: 1.02, 95% CI: 1.00\u20131.03, p = 0.036). Despite the MTHFR genotype alone not being correlated with the mortality, the relationship between Hcy and all-cause mortality was significant in the CC genotype compared with CT\/TT genotype (p for interaction = 0.036). Elevated plasma Hcy concentrations were associated with an increased 10-year risk of all-cause and CV mortality among the Chinese population. MTHFR C677T genetic polymorphism could modify the association between Hcy and all-cause mortality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16121945","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]],"date-time":"2024-06-19T08:06:06Z","timestamp":1718784366000},"page":"1945","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["The Association of Plasma Homocysteine Concentrations with a 10-Year Risk of All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in a Community-Based Chinese Population"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9311-4431","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zhe","family":"Liang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kaiyin","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jia","family":"Jia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8526-1095","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianping","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yong","family":"Huo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8351-4821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fangfang","family":"Fan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7508-4160","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yan","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China"},{"name":"Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Peking University First Hospital, No. 8 Xishiku Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100034, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gonz\u00e1lez-Lamu\u00f1o, D., Arrieta-Blanco, F.J., Fuentes, E.D., Forga-Visa, M.T., Morales-Conejo, M., Pe\u00f1a-Quintana, L., and Vitoria-Mi\u00f1ana, I. (2023). Hyperhomocysteinemia in Adult Patients: A Treatable Metabolic Condition. Nutrients, 16.","DOI":"10.20944\/preprints202311.1296.v1"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"64","DOI":"10.1007\/s10753-018-0873-9","article-title":"Catalpol Inhibits Homocysteine-induced Oxidation and Inflammation via Inhibiting Nox4\/NF-kappaB and GRP78\/PERK Pathways in Human Aorta Endothelial Cells","volume":"42","author":"Hu","year":"2019","journal-title":"Inflammation"},{"key":"ref_3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"103","DOI":"10.1038\/s41392-023-01313-x","article-title":"B cell-derived anti-beta 2 glycoprotein I antibody mediates hyperhomocysteinemia-aggravated hypertensive glomerular lesions by triggering ferroptosis","volume":"8","author":"Du","year":"2023","journal-title":"Signal Transduct. Target. Ther."},{"key":"ref_4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"46","DOI":"10.1182\/bloodadvances.2021004572","article-title":"The binding of autotaxin to integrins mediates hyperhomocysteinemia-potentiated platelet activation and thrombosis in mice and humans","volume":"6","author":"Han","year":"2022","journal-title":"Blood Adv."},{"key":"ref_5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E364","DOI":"10.1161\/STR.0000000000000375","article-title":"2021 Guideline for the Prevention of Stroke in Patients with Stroke and Transient Ischemic Attack: A Guideline From the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association","volume":"52","author":"Kleindorfer","year":"2021","journal-title":"Stroke"},{"key":"ref_6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"78","DOI":"10.1631\/jzus.B1400183","article-title":"Elevated homocysteine levels and risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality: A meta-analysis of prospective studies","volume":"16","author":"Peng","year":"2015","journal-title":"J. Zhejiang Univ. Sci. B"},{"key":"ref_7","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4769","DOI":"10.1038\/s41598-017-05205-3","article-title":"Association between Homocysteine Levels and All-cause Mortality: A Dose-Response Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies","volume":"7","author":"Fan","year":"2017","journal-title":"Sci. Rep."},{"key":"ref_8","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2570","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2018.04.020","article-title":"Supplemental Vitamins and Minerals for CVD Prevention and Treatment","volume":"71","author":"Spence","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Am. Coll. Cardiol."},{"key":"ref_9","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"254","DOI":"10.1097\/HJH.0000000000003002","article-title":"The interaction of hypertension and homocysteine increases the risk of mortality among middle-aged and older population in the United States","volume":"40","author":"Zhao","year":"2022","journal-title":"J. Hypertens."},{"key":"ref_10","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2156483","DOI":"10.1155\/2022\/2156483","article-title":"Association of Serum Homocysteine with Cardiovascular and All-Cause Mortality in Adults with Diabetes: A Prospective Cohort Study","volume":"2022","author":"Lu","year":"2022","journal-title":"Oxid Med. Cell Longev."},{"key":"ref_11","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"112189","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nut.2023.112189","article-title":"Association of B vitamin intake and total homocysteine levels with all-cause and cause-specific mortality in central obesity","volume":"116","author":"Wang","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutrition"},{"key":"ref_12","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e30334","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000030334","article-title":"Association between homocysteinemia and mortality in CKD: A propensity-score matched analysis using NHANES-National Death Index","volume":"101","author":"Song","year":"2022","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_13","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zarembska, E., Slusarczyk, K., and Wrzosek, M. (2023). The Implication of a Polymorphism in the Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase Gene in Homocysteine Metabolism and Related Civilisation Diseases. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 25.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms25010193"},{"key":"ref_14","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1549","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-014-0659-2","article-title":"MTHFR C677T genotype and cardiovascular risk in a general population without mandatory folic acid fortification","volume":"53","author":"Husemoen","year":"2014","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_15","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1245","DOI":"10.3945\/ajcn.111.022384","article-title":"Prospective study of methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) variant C677T and risk of all-cause and cardiovascular disease mortality among 6000 US adults","volume":"95","author":"Yang","year":"2012","journal-title":"Am. J. Clin. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_16","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"710","DOI":"10.4070\/kcj.2023.0089","article-title":"Association Between Plasma Homocysteine Level and Mortality: A Mendelian Randomization Study","volume":"53","author":"Choi","year":"2023","journal-title":"Korean Circ. J."},{"key":"ref_17","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1166","DOI":"10.1161\/HYPERTENSIONAHA.115.07019","article-title":"Noninvasive Central Systolic Blood Pressure Is More Strongly Related to Kidney Function Decline Than Peripheral Systolic Blood Pressure in a Chinese Community-Based Population","volume":"67","author":"Fan","year":"2016","journal-title":"Hypertension"},{"key":"ref_18","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"604","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-150-9-200905050-00006","article-title":"A new equation to estimate glomerular filtration rate","volume":"150","author":"Levey","year":"2009","journal-title":"Ann. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_19","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1325","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2015.2274","article-title":"Efficacy of folic acid therapy in primary prevention of stroke among adults with hypertension in China: The CSPPT randomized clinical trial","volume":"313","author":"Huo","year":"2015","journal-title":"JAMA"},{"key":"ref_20","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"717621","DOI":"10.3389\/fgene.2021.717621","article-title":"Exome-Wide Association Study Identifies East Asian-Specific Missense Variant MTHFR C136T Influencing Homocysteine Levels in Chinese Populations RH: ExWAS of tHCY in a Chinese Population","volume":"12","author":"Liu","year":"2021","journal-title":"Front. Genet"},{"key":"ref_21","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"10206","DOI":"10.1038\/ncomms10206","article-title":"Exome-wide association analysis reveals novel coding sequence variants associated with lipid traits in Chinese","volume":"6","author":"Tang","year":"2015","journal-title":"Nat. Commun."},{"key":"ref_22","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Paganelli, F., Mottola, G., Fromonot, J., Marlinge, M., Deharo, P., Guieu, R., and Ruf, J. (2021). Hyperhomocysteinemia and Cardiovascular Disease: Is the Adenosinergic System the Missing Link?. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 22.","DOI":"10.3390\/ijms22041690"},{"key":"ref_23","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e409","DOI":"10.1161\/circ.113.10.e409","article-title":"Guidelines for prevention of stroke in patients with ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack: A statement for healthcare professionals from the American Heart Association\/American Stroke Association Council on Stroke: Co-sponsored by the Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention: The American Academy of Neurology affirms the value of this guideline","volume":"113","author":"Sacco","year":"2006","journal-title":"Circulation"},{"key":"ref_24","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"760","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tjnut.2023.01.023","article-title":"Associations of Serum Folate and Homocysteine Concentrations with All-Cause, Cardiovascular Disease, and Cancer Mortality in Men and Women in Korea: The Cardiovascular Disease Association Study","volume":"153","author":"Song","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_25","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1504","DOI":"10.1038\/s41440-023-01249-3","article-title":"Non-linear associations of serum and red blood cell folate with risk of cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in hypertensive adults","volume":"46","author":"Xu","year":"2023","journal-title":"Hypertens. Res."},{"key":"ref_26","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1258","DOI":"10.1093\/gerona\/gly035","article-title":"Elevated Total Homocysteine in All Participants and Plasma Vitamin B12 Concentrations in Women Are Associated with All-Cause and Cardiovascular Mortality in the Very Old: The Newcastle 85+ Study","volume":"73","author":"Mendonca","year":"2018","journal-title":"J. Gerontol. A Biol. Sci. Med. Sci."},{"key":"ref_27","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1399","DOI":"10.1007\/s00394-019-01993-8","article-title":"Subclinical inflammation, telomere shortening, homocysteine, vitamin B6, and mortality: The Ludwigshafen Risk and Cardiovascular Health Study","volume":"59","author":"Pusceddu","year":"2020","journal-title":"Eur. J. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_28","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cca.2022.11.001","article-title":"Genetic susceptibility, homocysteine levels, and risk of all-cause and cause-specific mortality: A prospective cohort study","volume":"538","author":"Mo","year":"2023","journal-title":"Clin. Chim. Acta"},{"key":"ref_29","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wu, D.F., Yin, R.X., and Deng, J.L. (2024). Homocysteine, hyperhomocysteinemia and H-type hypertension. Eur. J. Prev. Cardiol., zwae022.","DOI":"10.1093\/eurjpc\/zwae022"},{"key":"ref_30","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1202","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.325.7374.1202","article-title":"Homocysteine and cardiovascular disease: Evidence on causality from a meta-analysis","volume":"325","author":"Wald","year":"2002","journal-title":"BMJ"},{"key":"ref_31","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"264","DOI":"10.2478\/jtim-2021-0035","article-title":"Relationship between homocysteine levels and post-stroke cognitive impairment in female and male population: From a prospective multicenter study","volume":"9","author":"Li","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. Transl. Intern. Med."},{"key":"ref_32","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1179807","DOI":"10.3389\/fnut.2023.1179807","article-title":"Homocysteine\u2014A retrospective and prospective appraisal","volume":"10","author":"Mccaddon","year":"2023","journal-title":"Front. Nutr."},{"key":"ref_33","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"E2815","DOI":"10.1210\/clinem\/dgaa289","article-title":"Plasma Homocysteine and Cardiovascular Organ Damage in a Population with a High Prevalence of Risk Factors","volume":"105","author":"Kozakova","year":"2020","journal-title":"J. Clin. Endocrinol. Metab."},{"key":"ref_34","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"412","DOI":"10.1016\/j.atherosclerosis.2007.09.029","article-title":"Serum total homocysteine concentrations and risk of mortality from stroke and coronary heart disease in Japanese: The JACC study","volume":"198","author":"Cui","year":"2008","journal-title":"Atherosclerosis"},{"key":"ref_35","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Raghubeer, S., and Matsha, T.E. (2021). Methylenetetrahydrofolate (MTHFR), the One-Carbon Cycle, and Cardiovascular Risks. Nutrients, 13.","DOI":"10.3390\/nu13124562"},{"key":"ref_36","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"e5862","DOI":"10.1097\/MD.0000000000005862","article-title":"Homocysteine and all-cause mortality in hypertensive adults without pre-existing cardiovascular conditions: Effect modification by MTHFR C677T polymorphism","volume":"96","author":"Xu","year":"2017","journal-title":"Medicine"},{"key":"ref_37","unstructured":"GBD 2021 Causes of Death Collaborators (2024). Global burden of 288 causes of death and life expectancy decomposition in 204 countries and territories and 811 subnational locations, 1990\u20132021: A systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet, 403, 2100\u20132132."},{"key":"ref_38","first-page":"100795","article-title":"Impact of COVID-19 on risks and deaths of non-communicable diseases in the Western Pacific region","volume":"43","author":"Xu","year":"2024","journal-title":"Lancet Reg. Health West. Pac."}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/16\/12\/1945\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T15:01:00Z","timestamp":1760108460000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/16\/12\/1945"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]]},"references-count":38,"journal-issue":{"issue":"12","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,6]]}},"alternative-id":["nu16121945"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu16121945","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6643","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,19]]}}}