{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,24]],"date-time":"2026-09-24T09:58:13Z","timestamp":1790243893561,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,4]],"date-time":"2024-07-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720051200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The progression of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD)requires the assessment of nutritional disturbances at each stage of the disease. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutritional status in various ages of boys with DMD using screening and in-depth evaluation methods. Body composition by Dual X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA), basal metabolic rate (BMR) by indirect calorimetry, a questionnaire of nutritional status\u2014Pediatric Nutrition Screening Tool (PNST)\u2014and laboratory parameters were performed. In the cohort of 93 boys aged 8.54 (5.9\u201312.6 years), inappropriate nutritional status occurred in 41.8% of boys (underweight 11.8%, overweight 16.0%, and obesity 14.0%). In the 10\u201313 age group, the occurrence of overweight and underweight was the highest. Based on PNST, 15.1% of patients were at nutritional risk (\u22652 points)\u2014the most in the 14\u201317 age group (29%). A negative correlation was identified between PNST and z-scores of body weight, BMI, and FFMI (r Spearman = \u22120.49, \u22120.46, and \u22120.48, respectively; p &lt; 0.05). There were no differences between BMR results from indirect calorimetry and calculations from the Schofield formula for any age group. In obese boys, the caloric requirement in indirect calorimetry was significantly lower than that indicated by the calculations according to the Schofield formula (p &lt; 0.028). Inappropriate nutritional status occurred in almost half of the children with DMD. The age group in which nutritional disorders were most frequently identified was 10\u201313 years old. PNST could be considered a tool for screening malnutrition after testing a larger group of DMD patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16132143","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,5]],"date-time":"2024-07-05T03:48:56Z","timestamp":1720151336000},"page":"2143","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Nutritional Issues among Children with Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy\u2014Incidence of Deficiency and Excess Body Mass"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Edyta","family":"Wernio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5288-0586","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Eliza","family":"Wasilewska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonology & Allergology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3470-0545","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylwia","family":"Czaja-Stolc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6565-4572","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Karolina","family":"\u015aledzi\u0144ska","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Haemathology and Oncology, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jolanta","family":"Wierzba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Internal and Paediatric Nursing, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5992-4414","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Agnieszka","family":"Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Paediatrics, Gastroenterology, Allergology & Paediatric Nutrition, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8773-9649","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sylwia","family":"Ma\u0142gorzewicz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-210 Gdansk, Poland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"141","DOI":"10.1186\/s13023-020-01430-8","article-title":"Global epidemiology of Duchenne muscular dystrophy: An updated systematic review and meta-analysis","volume":"15","author":"Crisafulli","year":"2020","journal-title":"Orphanet J. 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