{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,31]],"date-time":"2026-08-31T16:25:59Z","timestamp":1788193559069,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"13","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]],"date-time":"2024-07-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"European Union\u2013Next Generation EU\u2013NRRP M6C2\u2013Investment 2.1 Enhancement and strengthening of biomedical research in the NHS","award":["PNRR-MAD-2022-12376769"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PNRR-MAD-2022-12376769"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Lifestyle factors, such as diet and sleep quality, are receiving increasing interest as accessible therapeutic approaches to migraine. The Mediterranean diet (MD) has shown clear benefits in cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, as well as in sleep patterns. Here, our objective was to identify the impact of adherence to the MD and other lifestyle factors on the clinical burden of migraine. For this purpose, we enrolled 170 migraine patients and 100 controls, assessing the clinical disability of headache using standardized clinical scales (HIT-6 and MIDAS) in the migraineur cohort and lifestyle patterns in both groups through the PREDIMED score for MD adherence, the IPAQ scale for physical activity, and BMI. Subjects were also screened for sleep\u2013wake disturbances based on the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). We found that migraine patients had lower adherence to the MD compared to the controls and that the HIT-6 scale had a significant negative relationship with MD adherence in patients with high-frequency episodic and chronic migraine. Additionally, in the same migraine patients, the presence of sleep\u2013wake disturbances was correlated with greater migraine disability as assessed by the MIDAS score. In conclusion, this study found that among different lifestyle factors, poor adherence to the MD and the presence of sleep\u2013wake disturbances were closely associated with migraine disability and chronification.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16132169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]],"date-time":"2024-07-08T07:57:45Z","timestamp":1720425465000},"page":"2169","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Poor Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet and Sleep Disturbances Are Associated with Migraine Chronification and Disability among an Adult Population in the Lazio Region, Italy"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Roberta","family":"Bovenzi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1310-3730","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annalisa","family":"Noce","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"UOSD Nephrology and Dialysis, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Matteo","family":"Conti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8118-1330","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela","family":"Di Lauro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"UOSD Nephrology and Dialysis, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Chiaramonte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Istituto Nazionale per l\u2019Assicurazione Contro Gli Infortuni sul Lavoro (INAIL), Actuarial-Statistic Consultancy Office, Via Stefano Gradi, 55, 00143 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4054-5318","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"David","family":"Della Morte","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Neurology, Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandro","family":"Stefani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Parkinson\u2019s Disease Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of \u201cNostra Signora del Buonconsiglio\u201d UnizKm, 1000 Tirana, Albania"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6524-4493","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonino","family":"De Lorenzo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Section of Clinical Nutrition and Nutrigenomic, Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6700-7491","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicola Biagio","family":"Mercuri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Regional Referral Headache Center, Neurology Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5113-2017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria","family":"Albanese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Systems Medicine, University of Rome Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Regional Referral Headache Center, Neurology Unit, Tor Vergata University Hospital, 00133 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"209","article-title":"Headache Classification Committee of the International Headache Society (IHS) The International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd Edition","volume":"38","author":"Olesen","year":"2018","journal-title":"Cephalalgia"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1186\/s10194-021-01252-4","article-title":"Burden and Attitude to Resistant and Refractory Migraine: A survey of the European Headache Federation with the endorsement of the European Migraine & Headache Alliance","volume":"22","author":"Sacco","year":"2021","journal-title":"J. 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