{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,1]],"date-time":"2026-07-01T19:24:26Z","timestamp":1782933866715,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1720656000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are slow-growing tumors. Sarcopenia is defined as the loss of muscle mass, strength, and physical performance. First-line NEN therapy is somatostatin analogs, which could be responsible for malabsorption conditions, such as pancreatic exocrine insufficiency (EPI) with underlying sarcopenia. Aim: Evaluate the prevalence of sarcopenia in patients with NENs at diagnosis and during follow-up. Methods: A retrospective single-center study was conducted, including patients with advanced intestinal NENs G1\/G2 (excluded pancreatic NENs). CT scans were analyzed at diagnosis and after 6 months of therapy, and the skeletal muscle index was assessed. Results: A total of 30 patients (F:M = 6:24) were enrolled, with the following primary tumor sites: 25 in the ileum, 1 stomach, 2 jejunum, and 2 duodenum. At diagnosis, 20 patients (66.6%) showed sarcopenic SMI values, and 10 patients (33.3%) showed non-sarcopenic SMI values. At follow-up, three more patients developed sarcopenic SMI values. Statistical significance in relation to the presence of sarcopenia was found in the group of patients with carcinoid syndrome (p = 0.0178), EPI (p = 0.0018), and weight loss (p = 0.0001). Conclusion: Sarcopenia was present in 2\/3 of the patients with advanced intestinal NENs at the diagnosis and during the follow-up. It is reasonable to consider this condition to improve clinical outcomes.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16142224","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]],"date-time":"2024-07-11T11:30:55Z","timestamp":1720697455000},"page":"2224","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Sarcopenia in Patients with Advanced Gastrointestinal Well-Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumors"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Elena","family":"Romano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Disease Unit, Sant\u2019 Andrea University Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7331-6901","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michela","family":"Polici","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Unit, Sant\u2019 Andrea University Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, 00189 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"PhD School in Translational Medicine and Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-0496-3229","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Matteo","family":"Marasco","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Disease Unit, Sant\u2019 Andrea University Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, 00189 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"PhD School in Translational Medicine and Oncology, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, 00185 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Francesco","family":"Lerose","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Disease Unit, Sant\u2019 Andrea University Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-8128-1111","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Elisabetta","family":"Dell\u2019Unto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Disease Unit, Sant\u2019 Andrea University Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Stefano","family":"Nardacci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Unit, Sant\u2019 Andrea University Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4635-7999","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marta","family":"Zerunian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Unit, Sant\u2019 Andrea University Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, 00189 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elsa","family":"Iannicelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Unit, Sant\u2019 Andrea University Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, 00189 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Rinzivillo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Disease Unit, Sant\u2019 Andrea University Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3091-7819","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrea","family":"Laghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Unit, Sant\u2019 Andrea University Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, 00189 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9120-5957","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Bruno","family":"Annibale","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Disease Unit, Sant\u2019 Andrea University Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, 00189 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2789-4289","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Panzuto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Digestive Disease Unit, Sant\u2019 Andrea University Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, 00189 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9285-4764","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Damiano","family":"Caruso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiology Unit, Sant\u2019 Andrea University Hospital, ENETS Center of Excellence, 00189 Rome, Italy"},{"name":"Department of Medical Surgical Sciences and Translational Medicine, Sapienza University of Rome, 00189 Rome, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"471","DOI":"10.3322\/caac.21493","article-title":"Gastroenteropancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumors","volume":"68","author":"Cives","year":"2018","journal-title":"CA Cancer J. 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