{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T09:08:03Z","timestamp":1790845683861,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":83,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"14","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1721606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality of Spain","award":["2010|145"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2010|145"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality of Spain","award":["2013|034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013|034"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality of Spain","award":["2020|030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020|030"]}]},{"name":"Ministry of Health, Social Services and Equality of Spain","award":["PI16\/01947"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI16\/01947"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2010|145"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2010|145"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2013|034"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2013|034"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["2020|030"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020|030"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Instituto de Salud Carlos III","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["PI16\/01947"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PI16\/01947"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The objective of this cross-sectional study was to explore sleep patterns and the potential relationship between sleep and tryptophan intake among Spanish university students. A total of 11,485 students self-reported their sleep and dietary patterns and habits. Tryptophan intake was calculated using a food intake matrix and results were presented as quartiles of total intake. Short sleep duration prevalence was 51.0%, with males exhibiting a significantly higher frequency. A total of 55.0% of participants presented inadequate sleep efficiency, with males again presenting a higher rate. Median tryptophan intake was 692.16 \u00b1 246.61 mg\/day, 731.84 \u00b1 246.86 mg\/day in males and 677.24 \u00b1 244.87 mg\/day in females (p = 0.001). Dietary tryptophan intake below the first quartile (&lt;526.43 mg\/day) was associated with a higher risk of short sleep duration in males (1.26; 95%CI: 1.02\u20131.55) and females (1.19; 95%CI: 1.05\u20131.34) and with the Athens Insomnia Scale insomnia in males (2.56; 95%CI: 1.36\u20134.82) and females (1.47; 95%CI: 1.10\u20132.05). Regarding academic specializations, females in the humanities field showed a higher risk of Athens Insomnia Scale insomnia due to low tryptophan intake (Q1: 3.15; 95% CI: 1.04\u20139.55 and Q2: 3.41; 95%CI: 1.01\u201311.5). In summary, lower tryptophan consumption appears to be associated with poorer sleep quality in Spanish university students; however, other social factors affecting students may also influence sleep quality. These findings have important implications for nutritional recommendations aimed at enhancing tryptophan intake to improve sleep quality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16142376","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]],"date-time":"2024-07-22T17:36:04Z","timestamp":1721669764000},"page":"2376","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Sleep Patterns and Tryptophan Consumption among Students at Spanish Universities: The Unihcos Project"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0785-1492","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mar\u00eda","family":"Morales-Su\u00e1rez-Varela","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group in Social and Nutritional Epidemiology, Pharmacoepidemiology and Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, Av. Vicent Andr\u00e9s Estelles s\/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Center in Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabell\u00f3n 11 Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0957-4057","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carmen","family":"Amezcua-Prieto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Center in Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabell\u00f3n 11 Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Granada, Avenida de la Investigaci\u00f3n 11, 18016 Granada, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biosanitaria ibs.GRANADA, Avda. de Madrid, 15, 18071 Granada, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Isabel","family":"Peraita-Costa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Research Group in Social and Nutritional Epidemiology, Pharmacoepidemiology and Public Health, Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Food Sciences, Toxicology and Forensic Medicine, Faculty of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, Universitat de Val\u00e8ncia, Av. Vicent Andr\u00e9s Estelles s\/n, 46100 Burjassot, Spain"},{"name":"Biomedical Research Center in Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabell\u00f3n 11 Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ramona","family":"Mateos-Campos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Biomedical and Diagnostic Sciences, Universidad de Salamanca, Calle Alfonso X el Sabio s\/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3374-843X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carlos","family":"Ay\u00e1n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Education and Sports Sciences, HealthyFit Research Group, Universidad de Vigo, Campus A Xunqueira s\/n, 36005 Pontevedra, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9179-2530","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roc\u00edo","family":"Ortiz-Moncada","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Department of Community Nursing, Preventive Medicine and Public Health and History of Science, Food and Nutrition Research Group, Universidad de Alicante, Carretera de San Vicente del Raspeig s\/n, San Vicente del Raspeig, 03690 Alicante, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9049-3026","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Tania","family":"Fern\u00e1ndez-Villa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biomedical Research Center in Epidemiology and Public Health Network (CIBERESP), Carlos III Health Institute, Av. Monforte de Lemos 3-5 Pabell\u00f3n 11 Planta 0, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Sciences, Area of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Universidad de Le\u00f3n, Campus Universitario de Vegazana, 24071 Le\u00f3n, Spain"},{"name":"Group of Investigation in Interactions Gene-Environment and Health (GIIGAS), Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), Universidad de Le\u00f3n, Campus Universitario de Vegazana, 24071 Le\u00f3n, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,7,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"253","DOI":"10.1038\/nrendo.2009.23","article-title":"Effects of poor and short sleep on glucose metabolism and obesity risk","volume":"5","author":"Spiegel","year":"2009","journal-title":"Nat. Rev. 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