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Nine-week-old female mice were divided into 12 groups, receiving either drinking water or 2.75% dextran sodium sulphate for 7 days, combined with a daily gavage of various treatments with different levels of acetate accumulation: sham control (phosphate buffered saline, no acetate), non-probiotic control (Baker\u2019s yeast, no acetate), probiotic control (Enterol\u00ae, transient acetate), and additionally several Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii strains with respectively no, high, and extra-high acetate accumulation. Disease activity was monitored daily, and feces samples were collected at different timepoints. On day 14, the mice were sacrificed, upon which blood and colonic tissue were collected for analysis. Disease activity in inflamed mice was lower when treated with the high-acetate-producing strain compared to sham and non-probiotic controls. The non-acetate-producing strain showed higher disease activity compared to the acetate-producing strains. Accordingly, higher histologic inflammation was observed in non- or transient-acetate-producing strains compared to the sham control, whereas this increase was not observed for high- and extra-high-acetate-producing strains upon induction of inflammation. These anti-inflammatory findings were confirmed by transcriptomic analysis of differentially expressed genes. Moreover, only the strain with the highest acetate production was superior in maintaining a stable gut microbial alpha-diversity upon inflammation. These findings support new possibilities for acetate-mediated management of inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease by administrating high-acetate-producing Saccharomyces cerevisae var. boulardii strains.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16162668","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,13]],"date-time":"2024-08-13T06:02:37Z","timestamp":1723528957000},"page":"2668","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Effect of Mutant and Engineered High-Acetate-Producing Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. boulardii Strains in Dextran Sodium Sulphate-Induced Colitis"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8596-2783","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sara","family":"Deleu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"TARGID, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Inge","family":"Jacobs","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TARGID, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jorge F.","family":"Vazquez Castellanos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"VIB-KU Leuven Center for Microbiology, 3001 Leuven, Belgium"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6222-8527","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sare","family":"Verstockt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TARGID, Department of Chronic Diseases and Metabolism (CHROMETA), KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruna","family":"Trindade de 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