{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,25]],"date-time":"2026-09-25T14:31:07Z","timestamp":1790346667550,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"16","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]],"date-time":"2024-08-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1723766400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>The presenting pattern of celiac disease (CD) at diagnosis in children has changed over time, with a reduction of malabsorption-related phenotypes and an increase in regular or even excessive growth patterns. We retrospectively reviewed the body mass index (BMI) distribution of all patients with a new diagnosis of CD made in a Pediatric Gastroenterology Outpatient Clinic in 1990\u20132011, compared to those diagnosed in 2012\u20132022, according to their clinical and serological characteristics. The 1990\u20132011 and 2012\u20132022 cohorts included 250 (M:F = 90:160, mean age 7.3 \u00b1 6.1 years) and 243 children (M:F = 81:162, mean age 7.1 \u00b1 3.7 years, NS), respectively. The prevalence of underweight (UW) was higher in the 1990\u20132011 cohort (61\/250, 24.4% in 1990\u20132011 vs. 31\/243, 12.7% in 2012\u20132022, p = 0.0001), whereas that of overweight (OW) and obese (OB) subjects was significantly higher in 2012\u20132022 (10\/250, 4% in 1990\u20132011 vs. 24\/243, 9.9% in 2012\u20132022, p = 0.012, and 1\/250, 0.4% in 1990\u20132011 vs. 8\/243, 3.3% in 2012\u20132022, p = 0.018, respectively). In both cohorts, gastrointestinal symptoms were more frequent in OW\/OB than in UW children (6\/11, 54.5% vs. 5\/61, 8.2% in 1990\u20132011, p &lt; 0.0001, and 24\/32, 75% vs. 10\/31, 32.3%, p &lt; 0.0001 in 2012\u20132022), and the extent of anti-transglutaminase antibody increase was similar in OW\/OB and UW subjects. The prevalence of children with a normal or even high BMI at CD diagnosis has increased in the past three decades; therefore, CD should be suspected regardless of BMI status.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16162729","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]],"date-time":"2024-08-16T04:29:57Z","timestamp":1723782597000},"page":"2729","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["BMI Status of Children with Celiac Disease Has Changed in the Last Decades: A 30-Year Retrospective Study"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6676-5773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alice","family":"Monzani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Marcolin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Italian Celiac Association, Piedmont Section, 10136 Turin, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Federico","family":"Medina","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5127-1685","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Kevin","family":"Valentino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4173-146X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivana","family":"Rabbone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Division of Pediatrics, Department of Health Sciences, University of Piemonte Orientale, Via Solaroli 17, 28100 Novara, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"235","DOI":"10.1186\/s13052-021-01183-5","article-title":"Is the clinical pattern of pediatric celiac disease changing? 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