{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T06:43:37Z","timestamp":1780469017552,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":167,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"17","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1725321600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Pediatric chronic intestinal failure (PIF) is a rare and heterogeneous condition characterized by the inability of the patient\u2019s intestine to adequately absorb the required fluids and\/or nutrients for growth and homeostasis. As a result, patients will become dependent on home parenteral nutrition (HPN). A MEDLINE search was performed in May 2024 with keywords \u201cintestinal failure\u201d, \u201cparenteral nutrition\u201d and \u201cpediatric\u201d. Different underlying conditions which may result in PIF include short bowel syndrome, intestinal neuromuscular motility disorders and congenital enteropathies. Most common complications associated with HPN are catheter-related bloodstream infections, catheter-related thrombosis, intestinal failure-associated liver disease, small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, metabolic bone disease and renal impairment. Treatment for children with PIF has markedly improved with a great reduction in morbidity and mortality. Centralization of care in specialist centers and international collaboration between centers is paramount to further improve care for this vulnerable patient group. A recently promising medical therapy has become available for children with short bowel syndrome which includes glucagon-like peptide 2, a naturally occurring hormone which is known to delay gastric emptying and induce epithelial proliferation. Despite advances in curative and supportive treatment, further research is necessary to improve nutritional, pharmacological and surgical care and prevention of complications associated with parenteral nutrition use.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16172966","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]],"date-time":"2024-09-03T04:06:41Z","timestamp":1725336401000},"page":"2966","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Pediatric Chronic Intestinal Failure: Something Moving?"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2425-979X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Aysenur","family":"Demirok","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children\u2019s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6337-7348","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sjoerd C. J.","family":"Nagelkerke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children\u2019s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marc A.","family":"Benninga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children\u2019s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cora F.","family":"Jonkers-Schuitema","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children\u2019s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suzanne M. C.","family":"van Zundert","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children\u2019s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xavier W.","family":"Werner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children\u2019s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bruno","family":"Sovran","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tytgat Institute for Liver and Intestinal Research, Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 BK Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Department of Pediatric Surgery, Emma Children\u2019s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Emma Center for Personalized Medicine, Amsterdam University Medical Center (UMC), University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Merit M.","family":"Tabbers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition, Emma Children\u2019s Hospital, Amsterdam University Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"},{"name":"Amsterdam Reproduction and Development and Amsterdam Gastroenterology Endocrinology Metabolism Research Institutes, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"171","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clnu.2014.08.017","article-title":"ESPEN endorsed recommendations. 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