{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,14]],"date-time":"2026-10-14T22:43:17Z","timestamp":1792017797695,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":84,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"18","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1726790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Research Support Foundation of the State of Minas Gerais","award":["507\/2019\u2014APQ-00035-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["507\/2019\u2014APQ-00035-20"]}]},{"name":"Research Support Foundation of the State of Minas Gerais","award":["CB12\/03\/30002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CB12\/03\/30002"]}]},{"name":"Research Support Foundation of the State of Minas Gerais","award":["001-Brazil"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001-Brazil"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012514","name":"CIBEROBN","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["507\/2019\u2014APQ-00035-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["507\/2019\u2014APQ-00035-20"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012514","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012514","name":"CIBEROBN","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CB12\/03\/30002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CB12\/03\/30002"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012514","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012514","name":"CIBEROBN","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["001-Brazil"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001-Brazil"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012514","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Improvement of Higher-level Personnel\u2014CAPES Foundation","award":["507\/2019\u2014APQ-00035-20"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["507\/2019\u2014APQ-00035-20"]}]},{"name":"Improvement of Higher-level Personnel\u2014CAPES Foundation","award":["CB12\/03\/30002"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CB12\/03\/30002"]}]},{"name":"Improvement of Higher-level Personnel\u2014CAPES Foundation","award":["001-Brazil"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001-Brazil"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Green tea kombucha (GTK) is a fermented beverage with promising health benefits, but few studies proved its impact on human health. Thus, we aimed to investigate the impact of GTK on weight loss, inflammation, and salivary microbiota in individuals with excess body weight. Methods: This is a randomized controlled clinical trial that lasted 10 weeks with two groups of individuals with excess body weight: control (CG; n = 29; caloric restriction) and kombucha (KG; n = 30; caloric restriction + 200 mL GTK). Body composition, anthropometry, saliva, and blood collection were performed in the beginning and end of the intervention. Plasma interleukins were determined by flow cytometry. Salivary microbiota was analyzed by 16S rRNA sequencing. Results: Both groups decreased weight, BMI, and body fat (p &lt; 0.001) after the intervention, but there were no differences between groups. The KG reduced lipid accumulation product (LAP) (p = 0.029). Both groups decreased IL-1\u03b2 and IL-8, but IL-6 increased in the CG (p = 0.023) compared to the kombucha group. Alpha and beta diversity of salivary microbiota increased in the KG. Moreover, the KG presented lower Bacillota\/Bacteroidota ratio (p = 0.028), and BMI was positively associated with the Bacillota phylum. Conclusions: GTK did not enhance weight loss, but it decreased the LAP. GTK helped in the inflammatory profile and induced positive changes in oral microbiota composition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16183186","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]],"date-time":"2024-09-20T10:49:48Z","timestamp":1726829388000},"page":"3186","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Green Tea Kombucha Impacts Inflammation and Salivary Microbiota in Individuals with Excess Body Weight: A Randomized Controlled Trial"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9183-2130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Gabriela Macedo","family":"Fraiz","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa 36570-900, Brazil"},{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0618-5275","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dandara Baia","family":"Bonif\u00e1cio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa 36570-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3725-9027","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Udielle Vermelho","family":"Lacerda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Technology, Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa 36570-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0006-2161-9058","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Rodrigo Rezende","family":"Cardoso","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Technology, Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa 36570-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Viviana","family":"Corich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy, Food Natural Resources, and Environment (DAFNAE), Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4124-0142","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alessio","family":"Giacomini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Agronomy, Food Natural Resources, and Environment (DAFNAE), Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Padova, 35020 Legnaro, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H\u00e9rcia Stampini Duarte","family":"Martino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa 36570-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sergio Esteban","family":"Echeverr\u00eda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7300-8773","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Frederico Augusto Ribeiro de","family":"Barros","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Food and Technology, Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa 36570-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3228-9916","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ferm\u00edn I.","family":"Milagro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition, Food Science and Physiology, Centre for Nutrition Research, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain"},{"name":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica en Red de la Fisiopatolog\u00eda de la Obesidad y Nutrici\u00f3n (CIBERobn), Institute of Health Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Navarra Institute for Health Research (IdiSNA), 31008 Pamplona, Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4993-9436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Josefina","family":"Bressan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Nutrition and Health, Universidade Federal de Vi\u00e7osa, Vi\u00e7osa 36570-900, Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization (WHO) (2024, February 18). 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