{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T06:43:29Z","timestamp":1780469009016,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":228,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]],"date-time":"2024-09-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727481600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Alzchem (Trotsberg, GmbH)"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Firefighters, tactical police officers, and warriors often engage in periodic, intermittent, high-intensity physical work in austere environmental conditions and have a heightened risk of premature mortality. In addition, tough decision-making challenges, routine sleep deprivation, and trauma exacerbate this risk. Therefore, identifying strategies to bolster these personnel\u2019s health and occupational performance is critical. Creatine monohydrate (CrM) supplementation may offer several benefits to firefighters and tactical athletes (e.g., police, security, and soldiers) due to its efficacy regarding physical performance, muscle, cardiovascular health, mental health, and cognitive performance. Methods: We conducted a narrative review of the literature with a focus on the benefits and application of creatine monohydrate among firefighters. Results: Recent evidence demonstrates that CrM can improve anaerobic exercise capacity and muscular fitness performance outcomes and aid in thermoregulation, decision-making, sleep, recovery from traumatic brain injuries (TBIs), and mental health. Emerging evidence also suggests that CrM may confer an antioxidant\/anti-inflammatory effect, which may be particularly important for firefighters and those performing tactical occupations exposed to oxidative and physiological stress, which can elicit systemic inflammation and increase the risk of chronic diseases. Conclusions: This narrative review highlights the potential applications of CrM for related tactical occupations, with a particular focus on firefighters, and calls for further research into these populations.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16193285","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T04:57:28Z","timestamp":1727672248000},"page":"3285","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Fueling the Firefighter and Tactical Athlete with Creatine: A Narrative Review of a Key Nutrient for Public Safety"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-7279-4968","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Drew E.","family":"Gonzalez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise and Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"},{"name":"Tactical Athlete Research Unit, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6896-5552","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott C.","family":"Forbes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Physical Education Studies, Faculty of Education, Brandon University, Brandon, MB R7A 6A9, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0009-8312-1118","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Annette","family":"Zapp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fire Rescue Wellness, Guthrie, OK 73044, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6651-5096","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew","family":"Jagim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sports Medicine, Mayo Clinic Health System, La Crosse, WI 54601, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Joel","family":"Luedke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Olmsted Medical Center-Sports Medicine, La Crosse, WI 54601, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Broderick L.","family":"Dickerson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise and Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandria","family":"Root","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rooted in Dietetics LLC, Taylor, MI 48180, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Adriana","family":"Gil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Medicine, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77021, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarah E.","family":"Johnson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise and Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"},{"name":"Tactical Athlete Research Unit, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Macilynn","family":"Coles","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tactical Athlete Research Unit, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Allison","family":"Brager","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"U.S. Army John F. Kennedy Special Warfare Center and School, Fort Liberty, NC 48397, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3885-4100","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ryan J.","family":"Sowinski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise and Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Darren G.","family":"Candow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Kinesiology and Health Studies, University of Regina, Regina, SK S4S 0A2, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3906-1658","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Richard B.","family":"Kreider","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exercise and Sport Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology and Sport Management, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Gonzalez, D.E., Lanham, S.N., Martin, S.E., Cleveland, R.E., Wilson, T.E., Langford, E.L., and Abel, M.G. 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