{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,15]],"date-time":"2026-10-15T10:05:29Z","timestamp":1792058729333,"version":"4.4.0"},"reference-count":111,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Laval (Trifaculty initiative)","award":["202209PJ21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202209PJ21"]}]},{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Laval (Trifaculty initiative)","award":["BO070355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BO070355"]}]},{"name":"Canadian Funds for Innovation","award":["202209PJ21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202209PJ21"]}]},{"name":"Canadian Funds for Innovation","award":["BO070355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BO070355"]}]},{"name":"Fonds de Recherche du Qu\u00e9bec\u2014Volet Sant\u00e9","award":["202209PJ21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202209PJ21"]}]},{"name":"Fonds de Recherche du Qu\u00e9bec\u2014Volet Sant\u00e9","award":["BO070355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BO070355"]}]},{"name":"Fondation du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec","award":["202209PJ21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202209PJ21"]}]},{"name":"Fondation du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec","award":["BO070355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BO070355"]}]},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy Teaching and Research Fund, Universit\u00e9 Lava","award":["202209PJ21"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["202209PJ21"]}]},{"name":"Faculty of Pharmacy Teaching and Research Fund, Universit\u00e9 Lava","award":["BO070355"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["BO070355"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Parkinson\u2019s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disease affecting dopaminergic neurons in the nigrostriatal and gastrointestinal tracts, causing both motor and non-motor symptoms. This study examined the neuroprotective effects of trehalose. This sugar is confined in the gut due to the absence of transporters, so we hypothesized that trehalose might exert neuroprotective effects on PD through its action on the gut microbiota. We used a transgenic mouse model of PD (PrP-A53T G2-3) overexpressing human \u03b1-synuclein and developing GI dysfunctions. Mice were given water with trehalose, maltose, or sucrose (2% w\/v) for 6.5 m. Trehalose administration prevented a reduction in tyrosine hydroxylase immunoreactivity in the substantia nigra (\u221225%), striatum (\u221238%), and gut (\u221218%) in PrP-A53T mice. It also modulated the gut microbiota, reducing the loss of diversity seen in PrP-A53T mice and promoting bacteria negatively correlated with PD in patients. Additionally, trehalose treatment increased the intestinal secretion of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) by 29%. Maltose and sucrose, which break down into glucose, did not show neuroprotective effects, suggesting glucose is not involved in trehalose-mediated neuroprotection. Since trehalose is unlikely to cross the intestinal barrier at the given dose, the results suggest its effects are mediated indirectly through the gut microbiota and GLP-1.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16193309","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T05:45:27Z","timestamp":1727675127000},"page":"3309","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Oral Trehalose Intake Modulates the Microbiota\u2013Gut\u2013Brain Axis and Is Neuroprotective in a Synucleinopathy Mouse Model"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0073-5338","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sol\u00e8ne","family":"Pradeloux","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Katherine","family":"Coulombe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4050-9787","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Alexandre Jules Kennang","family":"Ouamba","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de l\u2019Agriculture et de l\u2019Alimentation, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amandine","family":"Isenbrandt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4203-0887","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Fr\u00e9d\u00e9ric","family":"Calon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4229-9245","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denis","family":"Roy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 des Sciences de l\u2019Agriculture et de l\u2019Alimentation, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0937-7061","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Denis","family":"Soulet","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Centre de Recherche du CHU de Qu\u00e9bec, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 4G2, Canada"},{"name":"Facult\u00e9 de Pharmacie, Universit\u00e9 Laval, Qu\u00e9bec, QC G1V 0A6, Canada"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ou, Z., Pan, J., Tang, S., Duan, D., Yu, D., Nong, H., and Wang, Z. 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