{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,2]],"date-time":"2026-09-02T22:43:02Z","timestamp":1788388982974,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":53,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine","award":["KSN2213020"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["KSN2213020"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Isatidis Folium (IF) has been used in traditional medicine for various ailments, and recent research highlights its anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and detoxifying properties. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of a hydroethanolic extract of IF (EIF) on inflammasomes and colitis. Methods: Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model C57BL\/6 mice were treated with DSS, mesalamine, or EIF (200 mg\/kg). Parameters such as daily disease activity index (DAI), spleen weight, colon length, and histopathology were evaluated. Intestinal fibrosis, mucin, and tight junction proteins were assessed using Masson\u2019s trichrome, periodic acid\u2013Schiff, and immunohistochemistry staining. RAW264.7 and J774a.1 macrophages were treated with EIF and lipopolysaccharide, with cell viability assessed via the cell counting kit-8 assay, nitric oxide (NO) production with Griess reagent, and cytokine levels with the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. NF-\u03baB inhibition was analyzed using the luciferase assay, and phytochemical analysis was performed using UPLC-MS\/MS. Results: EIF mitigated weight loss, reduced DAI scores, prevented colon shortening, and attenuated mucosal damage, fibrosis, and goblet cell loss while enhancing the tight junction protein occludin. The anti-inflammatory effects of EIF in RAW264.7 cells included reduced NO production, pro-inflammatory cytokines, and NF-\u03baB activity, along with inhibition of NLRP3 inflammasome responses in J774a.1 cells. The key constituents identified were tryptanthrin, indigo, and indirubin. Conclusions: Animal studies demonstrated the efficacy of EIF in alleviating colitis, suggesting its potential for treating inflammatory diseases.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16193323","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T11:32:05Z","timestamp":1727695925000},"page":"3323","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Isatidis Folium Represses Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis and Suppresses the Inflammatory Response by Inhibiting Inflammasome Activation"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5411-7130","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"You Chul","family":"Chung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institution of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0002-7646-375X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ami","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institution of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, KIOM School, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chan Ho","family":"Jang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institution of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jin Ah","family":"Ryuk","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institution of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hyunil","family":"Ha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institution of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-4959-2436","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Youn-Hwan","family":"Hwang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KM Convergence Research Division, Korea Institution of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea"},{"name":"Korean Convergence Medical Science Major, KIOM School, University of Science & Technology (UST), Daejeon 34054, Republic of Korea"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1590","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(12)60026-9","article-title":"Crohn\u2019s disease","volume":"380","author":"Baumgart","year":"2012","journal-title":"Lancet"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"417","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra020831","article-title":"Inflammatory bowel disease","volume":"347","author":"Podolsky","year":"2002","journal-title":"N. 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