{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,23]],"date-time":"2026-10-23T21:16:19Z","timestamp":1792790179903,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"19","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1727654400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP)","award":["PE00000003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["PE00000003"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: In the contest of agro-industrial waste valorization, we focused our attention on lentil seed coats as a source of health-promoting phytochemicals possibly useful in managing inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), usually characterized by inflammation and altered intestinal motility. Methods: Both traditional (maceration) and innovative microwave-assisted extractions were performed using green solvents, and the anti-inflammatory and spasmolytic activities of the so-obtained extracts were determined through in vitro and ex vivo assays, respectively. Results: The extract obtained through the microwave-assisted procedure using ethyl acetate as the extraction solvent (BEVa) proved to be the most useful in inflammation and intestinal motility management. In LPS-activated Caco-2 cells, BEVa down-regulated TLR4 expression, reduced iNOS expression and the pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1 production, and upregulated the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 production, thus positively affecting cell inflammatory responses. Moreover, a significant decrease in the longitudinal and circular tones of the guinea pig ileum, with a reduction of transit speed and pain at the ileum level, together with reduced transit speed, pain, and muscular tone at the colon level, was observed with BEVa. HPLC separation combined with an Orbitrap-based high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) technique indicated that 7% of all the identified metabolites were endowed with proven anti-inflammatory and antispasmodic activities, among which niacinamide, apocynin, and p-coumaric acid were the most abundant. Conclusions: Our results suggest that lentil hull extract consumption could contribute to overall intestinal health maintenance, with BEVa possibly representing a dietary supplementation and a promising approach to treating intestinal barrier dysfunction.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16193327","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,9,30]],"date-time":"2024-09-30T11:32:05Z","timestamp":1727695925000},"page":"3327","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Lentil Waste Extracts for Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) Symptoms Control: Anti-Inflammatory and Spasmolytic Effects"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5457-1069","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Antonietta","family":"Panaro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8454-9740","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Roberta","family":"Budriesi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Food Chemistry and Nutraceutical Lab, Alma Mater Studiorum\u2014University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosa","family":"Calvello","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9851-3124","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Antonia","family":"Cianciulli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment, University of Bari, 70125 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laura Beatrice","family":"Mattioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, Food Chemistry and Nutraceutical Lab, Alma Mater Studiorum\u2014University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2078-1978","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ivan","family":"Corazza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum\u2014University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Natalie Paola","family":"Rotondo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy\u2014Drug Sciences, University Aldo Moro-Bari, 70126 Bari, 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Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5650-7909","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Linda","family":"Monaci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Sciences of Food Production, National Research Council of Italy (CNR-ISPA), 70126 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3402-8170","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Maria Maddalena","family":"Cavalluzzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy\u2014Drug Sciences, University Aldo Moro-Bari, 70126 Bari, Italy"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7079-5994","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Lentini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pharmacy\u2014Drug Sciences, University Aldo Moro-Bari, 70126 Bari, 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