{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T02:09:24Z","timestamp":1761962964135,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":79,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"20","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,12]],"date-time":"2024-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1728691200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Regional Health Management of the Junta de Castilla y Le\u00f3n","award":["GRS 1193\/B\/15","RD21\/0016\/0010","PI21\/00454","INT\/M\/02\/17","INT\/M\/04\/15","IBI21\/00001","INT22\/00007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GRS 1193\/B\/15","RD21\/0016\/0010","PI21\/00454","INT\/M\/02\/17","INT\/M\/04\/15","IBI21\/00001","INT22\/00007"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004587","name":"Carlos III Health Institute (ISCIII)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["GRS 1193\/B\/15","RD21\/0016\/0010","PI21\/00454","INT\/M\/02\/17","INT\/M\/04\/15","IBI21\/00001","INT22\/00007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GRS 1193\/B\/15","RD21\/0016\/0010","PI21\/00454","INT\/M\/02\/17","INT\/M\/04\/15","IBI21\/00001","INT22\/00007"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004587","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"name":"Next Generation EU funds through the ERDF Recovery and Resilience Mechanism (RRM)","award":["GRS 1193\/B\/15","RD21\/0016\/0010","PI21\/00454","INT\/M\/02\/17","INT\/M\/04\/15","IBI21\/00001","INT22\/00007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GRS 1193\/B\/15","RD21\/0016\/0010","PI21\/00454","INT\/M\/02\/17","INT\/M\/04\/15","IBI21\/00001","INT22\/00007"]}]},{"name":"Castilla y Le\u00f3n government research program","award":["GRS 1193\/B\/15","RD21\/0016\/0010","PI21\/00454","INT\/M\/02\/17","INT\/M\/04\/15","IBI21\/00001","INT22\/00007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GRS 1193\/B\/15","RD21\/0016\/0010","PI21\/00454","INT\/M\/02\/17","INT\/M\/04\/15","IBI21\/00001","INT22\/00007"]}]},{"name":"biomedical research institute of Salamanca (IBSAL)","award":["GRS 1193\/B\/15","RD21\/0016\/0010","PI21\/00454","INT\/M\/02\/17","INT\/M\/04\/15","IBI21\/00001","INT22\/00007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GRS 1193\/B\/15","RD21\/0016\/0010","PI21\/00454","INT\/M\/02\/17","INT\/M\/04\/15","IBI21\/00001","INT22\/00007"]}]},{"name":"Carlos III Health Institute","award":["GRS 1193\/B\/15","RD21\/0016\/0010","PI21\/00454","INT\/M\/02\/17","INT\/M\/04\/15","IBI21\/00001","INT22\/00007"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["GRS 1193\/B\/15","RD21\/0016\/0010","PI21\/00454","INT\/M\/02\/17","INT\/M\/04\/15","IBI21\/00001","INT22\/00007"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Objectives: The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between the Mediterranean diet (MD) and vascular stiffness and metabolic syndrome (MetS), as well as its components in individuals over the age of 65, overall and by sex. Methods: The subjects of the study were people over 65 years of age, with a full record of all variables analyzed from the EVA, MARK, and EVIDENT studies. Data from 1280 subjects with a mean age of 69.52 \u00b1 3.58 years (57.5% men) were analyzed. The MD was recorded with the validated 14 item MEDAS questionnaire. MetS was defined following the guidelines of the joint scientific statement from the Programa Nacional de Educaci\u00f3n sobre el Colesterol III. Vascular stiffness was evaluated with the VaSera VS-1500\u00ae device by measuring the cardio-ankle vascular index (CAVI) and the brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). Results: The mean MEDAS score was 6.00 \u00b1 1.90, (5.92 \u00b1 1.92 in males, 6.11 \u00b1 1.88 in females; p = 0.036). CAVI: 9.30 \u00b1 1.11 (9.49 \u00b1 1.05 males, 9.03 \u00b1 1.13 females; p = &lt;0.001). baPWV: 15.82 \u00b1 2.56 (15.75 \u00b1 2.46 males, 15.92 \u00b1 2.68 females; p = &lt;0.001). MetS was found in 51% (49% males, 54% females; p = 0.036). Subjects with MetS had lower MD adherence and higher vascular stiffness values than subjects without MetS. Overall, we found a negative association with MD score and the number of MetS components (\u03b2 = \u22120.168), with glycemia (\u03b2 = \u22120.007), triglycerides (\u03b2 = \u22120.003), waist circumference (\u03b2 = \u22120.018), CAVI (\u03b2 = \u22120.196) and baPWV (\u03b2 = \u22120.065), and a positive association with HDL cholesterol (\u03b2 = 0.013). Regarding sex, associations followed the same direction but without reaching statistical significance with blood glucose and triglycerides in females and with HDL cholesterol and waist circumference in males. Conclusions: The results indicate that greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet decreases vascular stiffness and the percentage of subjects with MetS, although results differed in the association with MetS components by sex.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16203464","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,14]],"date-time":"2024-10-14T06:46:33Z","timestamp":1728888393000},"page":"3464","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["The Relationship between the Mediterranean Diet and Vascular Stiffness, Metabolic Syndrome, and Its Components in People over 65 Years of Age"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8663-9339","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Leticia","family":"G\u00f3mez-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n en Atenci\u00f3n Primaria de Salamanca (APISAL), Centro de Salud de San Juan, Avenida Portugal 83, 2\u00ba Planta, 37005 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitario de La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marta","family":"G\u00f3mez-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitario de La Paz, Paseo de la Castellana, 261, 28046 Madrid, Spain"},{"name":"Servicio de Hospitalizaci\u00f3n a Domicilio, Hospital Universitario Marqu\u00e9s de Valdecilla, Avenida de Valdecilla, s\/n, 39008 Santander, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Luis","family":"Garc\u00eda-Ortiz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n en Atenci\u00f3n Primaria de Salamanca (APISAL), Centro de Salud de San Juan, Avenida Portugal 83, 2\u00ba Planta, 37005 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 182, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Red de Investigaci\u00f3n en Cronicidad, Atenci\u00f3n Primaria y Promoci\u00f3n de la Salud (RICAPPS), Avenida Portugal 83, 2\u00ba P, 37005 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Gerencia de Atenci\u00f3n Primaria de Salud de Castilla y Le\u00f3n (SACyL), Avenida Portugal 83, 2\u00ba Planta, 37005 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Biom\u00e9dicas y del Diagn\u00f3stico, Universidad de Salamanca, C. Alfonso X el Sabio, s\/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Agudo-Conde","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n en Atenci\u00f3n Primaria de Salamanca (APISAL), Centro de Salud de San Juan, Avenida Portugal 83, 2\u00ba Planta, 37005 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 182, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Red de Investigaci\u00f3n en Cronicidad, Atenci\u00f3n Primaria y Promoci\u00f3n de la Salud (RICAPPS), Avenida Portugal 83, 2\u00ba P, 37005 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Gerencia de Atenci\u00f3n Primaria de Salud de Castilla y Le\u00f3n (SACyL), Avenida Portugal 83, 2\u00ba Planta, 37005 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristina","family":"Lugones-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n en Atenci\u00f3n Primaria de Salamanca (APISAL), Centro de Salud de San Juan, Avenida Portugal 83, 2\u00ba Planta, 37005 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 182, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Red de Investigaci\u00f3n en Cronicidad, Atenci\u00f3n Primaria y Promoci\u00f3n de la Salud (RICAPPS), Avenida Portugal 83, 2\u00ba P, 37005 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Facultad de Enfermer\u00eda y Fisioterapia, Universidad de Salamanca, Campus Miguel de Unamuno, C. Donantes de Sangre, s\/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susana","family":"Gonzalez-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n en Atenci\u00f3n Primaria de Salamanca (APISAL), Centro de Salud de San Juan, Avenida Portugal 83, 2\u00ba Planta, 37005 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 182, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Red de Investigaci\u00f3n en Cronicidad, Atenci\u00f3n Primaria y Promoci\u00f3n de la Salud (RICAPPS), Avenida Portugal 83, 2\u00ba P, 37005 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3667-7155","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Emiliano","family":"Rodr\u00edguez-S\u00e1nchez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n en Atenci\u00f3n Primaria de Salamanca (APISAL), Centro de Salud de San Juan, Avenida Portugal 83, 2\u00ba Planta, 37005 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 182, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Red de Investigaci\u00f3n en Cronicidad, Atenci\u00f3n Primaria y Promoci\u00f3n de la Salud (RICAPPS), Avenida Portugal 83, 2\u00ba P, 37005 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Gerencia de Atenci\u00f3n Primaria de Salud de Castilla y Le\u00f3n (SACyL), Avenida Portugal 83, 2\u00ba Planta, 37005 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Departmento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, C. Alfonso X el Sabio, s\/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0133-6123","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuel A.","family":"G\u00f3mez-Marcos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Unidad de Investigaci\u00f3n en Atenci\u00f3n Primaria de Salamanca (APISAL), Centro de Salud de San Juan, Avenida Portugal 83, 2\u00ba Planta, 37005 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Instituto de Investigaci\u00f3n Biom\u00e9dica de Salamanca (IBSAL), Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Paseo de San Vicente, 182, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Red de Investigaci\u00f3n en Cronicidad, Atenci\u00f3n Primaria y Promoci\u00f3n de la Salud (RICAPPS), Avenida Portugal 83, 2\u00ba P, 37005 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Gerencia de Atenci\u00f3n Primaria de Salud de Castilla y Le\u00f3n (SACyL), Avenida Portugal 83, 2\u00ba Planta, 37005 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Departamento de Ciencias Biom\u00e9dicas y del Diagn\u00f3stico, Universidad de Salamanca, C. Alfonso X el Sabio, s\/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"},{"name":"Departmento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, C. Alfonso X el Sabio, s\/n, 37007 Salamanca, Spain"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","first-page":"157","article-title":"Awareness and Self-Reported Knowledge and Training on Nutrition in Older People among Primary Care Practitioners","volume":"13","year":"2024","journal-title":"J. Frailty Aging"},{"key":"ref_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"216","DOI":"10.1017\/S0954422421000330","article-title":"Nutrition knowledge assessment tools for older adults and their carers: A scoping review","volume":"36","author":"Chin","year":"2023","journal-title":"Nutr. Res. 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