{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T21:29:08Z","timestamp":1778621348748,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"21","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1729641600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Estudos e Pesquisas da Amaz\u00f4nia\u2014Par\u00e1, Brazil (FAPESPA)","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Estudos e Pesquisas da Amaz\u00f4nia\u2014Par\u00e1, Brazil (FAPESPA)","award":["02\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02\/2023"]}]},{"name":"Research Department of the Federal University of Par\u00e1 (Pr\u00f3-Reitoria de Pesquisa e P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o\u2014PROPESP\/UFPA)","award":["001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["001"]}]},{"name":"Research Department of the Federal University of Par\u00e1 (Pr\u00f3-Reitoria de Pesquisa e P\u00f3s-Gradua\u00e7\u00e3o\u2014PROPESP\/UFPA)","award":["02\/2023"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["02\/2023"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Carbohydrate Counting (CC) is important in managing the treatment of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM). This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with adherence to CC in adults with T1DM in Brazil. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted through an online questionnaire. Information was collected on sociodemographic, economic, clinical, and anthropometric factors; knowledge of the CC strategy; the acquisition of supplies; the perception of mathematical skills as a hurdle in adhering to CC; and follow-up with healthcare professionals. Pearson\u2019s chi-squared or Fisher\u2019s exact test was applied (p &lt; 0.05). Results: Of the 173 participants, 72.8% practiced CC. Practicing CC was associated with having an income higher than three minimum wage equivalents (p = 0.023), and not practicing CC due to the lack of supplies for glucose monitoring was associated with having practiced CC at some point but is currently not practicing (p &lt; 0.001). Not practicing the necessary calculations for CC was associated with \u201cknowing how to do CC but had never done it\u201d and \u201chad done CC at some point but currently not practicing\u201d (p &lt; 0.001). Stopping or having stopped practicing CC due to insufficient materials for glucose monitoring was associated with having practiced CC for a period but is not currently doing so (p &lt; 0.001). Following up with healthcare professionals (p &lt; 0.001) and receiving encouragement from the endocrinologist (p &lt; 0.001) and nutritionist (p = 0.047) were associated with adherence to CC. Conclusions: Having a better financial status, performing the mathematical calculations required for CC, having access to supplies for glucose monitoring, and receiving specialized professional follow-up were factors associated with adherence to CC in Brazil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16213594","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]],"date-time":"2024-10-23T06:00:52Z","timestamp":1729663252000},"page":"3594","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Factors Associated with Carbohydrate Counting Adherence in Adults with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus in Brazil"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Gabriela Correia","family":"Uliana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Neurosciences and Behavior, Nucleus of Behavior Theory Research, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-0695-9068","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sarah Emili Cruz da","family":"Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Nutrition, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1397-0471","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Manuela Maria de Lima","family":"Carvalhal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Social Service of Commerce, 40 hour road 110, Ananindeua 67120-370, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6638-5597","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Carla Cristina Paiva","family":"Paracampo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Neurosciences and Behavior, Nucleus of Behavior Theory Research, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0092-3396","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniela Lopes","family":"Gomes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Postgraduate Program in Neurosciences and Behavior, Nucleus of Behavior Theory Research, Federal University of Par\u00e1, Bel\u00e9m 66075-110, Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,10,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","unstructured":"American Diabetes Association Professional Practice Committee 2 (2024). 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