{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,25]],"date-time":"2026-04-25T14:14:23Z","timestamp":1777126463509,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"22","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1730937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background\/Objectives: Multiple independent variables were analyzed to determine total nutritional intake (caloric and protein), while reviewing vasoactive inotrope scores (VISs). Methods: Retrospective data were collected for nutritional intake (N = 64), daily VISs, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) complications, delays in nutritional intake (&gt;48 h), reason for delay, and interruptions in nutrition support. Results: VISs and ECMO characteristics analyzed by box\u2013whisker plots demonstrated that ECMO complications prior to 24 h, cardiac arrest 24 h prior to ECMO, pediatric ECMO patients, venoarterial ECMO type, having a cardiac ECMO indication, and ECMO centrifugal pump had higher VISs. A regression analysis revealed that venovenous ECMO patients and the centrifugal pump type had higher caloric and protein intake; subsequently, for each increase in VIS, caloric intake decreased by \u22120.54. Sixteen patients did not receive nutritional support while on ECMO (9\/16; 56% cardiac); 12\/48 (25%) had a delay, with the cardiac patients nearing statistical significance. Conclusion: Venovenous ECMO (non-cardiac) correlated with higher nutritional intake. The enteral administration of nutrition had a lower VIS on average compared to the other three groupings, namely enteral vs. parenteral; enteral vs. both enteral and parenteral; enteral vs. no nutrition. This study provides additional clinical insight on nutritional intake in ECMO patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16223813","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]],"date-time":"2024-11-07T06:41:22Z","timestamp":1730961682000},"page":"3813","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Nutritional Intake in Venovenous ECMO Patients: A Single-Center Study in a North American PICU"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Annika","family":"Lintvedt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Isabella","family":"Purosky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0004-2518-9644","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Benjamin","family":"Kogelschatz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA"},{"name":"Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Helen DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Megan","family":"Brackmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Erika","family":"Heinze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Corewell Health, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jessica","family":"Parker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Corewell Health, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brooke","family":"Dudick","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Corewell Health, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jamie","family":"Mcdiarmid","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Helen DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth","family":"Rosner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA"},{"name":"Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Helen DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Boville","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA"},{"name":"Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Helen DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-0595-4578","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mara L.","family":"Leimanis-Laurens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Human Development, College of Human Medicine, Michigan State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA"},{"name":"Pediatric Critical Care Medicine, Helen DeVos Children\u2019s Hospital, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"825","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccc.2017.06.005","article-title":"Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation","volume":"33","author":"Jenks","year":"2017","journal-title":"Crit. 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ESPEN"}],"container-title":["Nutrients"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/16\/22\/3813\/pdf","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T16:27:51Z","timestamp":1760113671000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/www.mdpi.com\/2072-6643\/16\/22\/3813"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"22","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,11]]}},"alternative-id":["nu16223813"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/nu16223813","relation":{},"ISSN":["2072-6643"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2072-6643","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2024,11,7]]}}}