{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T11:27:50Z","timestamp":1783078070230,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":65,"publisher":"MDPI AG","issue":"24","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1733875200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Nutrients"],"abstract":"<jats:p>Background: Adequate nutrition is crucial for athletes to enhance performance and recovery. This study investigates the acute effects of omega-3 and whey protein supplementation before and after exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD) on lower-body strength, explosive power, and delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) in female futsal players. Method: A randomized, cross-over, placebo-controlled, double-blind study involved 15 female futsal players (Age: 22.93 \u00b1 0.54 years; Height: 159.60 \u00b1 1.16 cm; Weight: 56.95 \u00b1 1.79 kg). Participants completed three conditions: pre-EIMD (1000 mg fish oil, 30 g whey protein, 2 h before EIMD), post-EIMD (same supplementation, within 2 h after EIMD), and placebo (PLA, 2 g starch). EIMD involved 200 vertical jumps with 15% body-weighted vests. Metrics including Sargent jump height (VJH), thigh swelling (Sw-T), pressure pain threshold (PPT), V-sit and reach flexibility test (VSFT), range of motion (ROM), relative peak torque (RPT), average power (AP), and maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) were recorded 48 h post-EIMD. DOMS was assessed via a visual analog scale (VAS) multiple times. A one-week washout period was employed. Results: Pre-EIMD supplementation significantly increased VJH (p = 0.001) compared to PLA and Post-EIMD (p = 0.033). MVIC45\u00b0 improved significantly in Pre-EIMD vs. PLA (p = 0.001). Improvements were observed in muscle strength metrics, with significant increases in APflx60\u00b0\/s (pre-EIMD vs. PLA, p = 0.001; pre-EIMD vs. post-EIMD, p = 0.008), APext60\u00b0\/s (Pre-EIMD vs. PLA, p = 0.030), and APext180\u00b0\/s (Post-EIMD vs. PLA, p = 0.023). DOMS was lower in both Pre-EIMD and Post-EIMD conditions immediately and at 12 h post-EIMD (p = 0.009; p = 0.030) than PLA. No significant differences were found in Sw-T, PPT, VSFT, ROM, or APflx180\u00b0\/s. Conclusions: Acute omega-3 and whey protein supplementation, particularly before EIMD, improves strength and power and reduces DOMS in female futsal players. Supplement timing may be critical for optimizing recovery and performance in high-demand sports.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.3390\/nu16244263","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]],"date-time":"2024-12-11T03:14:58Z","timestamp":1733886898000},"page":"4263","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/mdpi_crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Boosting Recovery: Omega-3 and Whey Protein Enhance Strength and Ease Muscle Soreness in Female Futsal Players"],"prefix":"10.3390","volume":"16","author":[{"given":"Mina","family":"Ahmadi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz 84334-71946, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Niksa","family":"Hoorang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz 84334-71946, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Babak","family":"Imanian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz 84334-71946, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7585-7592","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohammad","family":"Hemmatinafar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz 84334-71946, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rasoul","family":"Rezaei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz 84334-71946, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javad","family":"Nemati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz 84334-71946, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fereshte","family":"Eftekhari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Sport Science, Faculty of Education and Psychology, Shiraz University, Shiraz 84334-71946, Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6856-3665","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Walaa Jumah","family":"Alkasasbeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Administration and Curriculum, Program of Sports Management and Training, Faculty of Arts and Educational Sciences, Middle East University, Amman 11831, Jordan"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"1968","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2024,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"ref_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2214108","DOI":"10.1080\/15502783.2023.2214108","article-title":"Repeated mouth rinsing of coffee improves the specific-endurance performance and jump performance of young male futsal players","volume":"20","author":"Hemmatinafar","year":"2023","journal-title":"J. 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